Cotrimoxazole and neonatal kernicterus: a review.
Cotrimoxazole and neonatal kernicterus: a review.
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DOI：
10.3109/01480545.2013.834349
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发表时间：
2014-04
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Deshpande SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thyagarajan B;Deshpande SS
磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)和甲氧苄啶(TMP)单独以及复方新诺明(SMX-TMP)被广泛用于治疗原虫和细菌感染。SMX-TMP也是亚洲国家家庭医疗保健提供者广泛使用的新生儿口服抗生素之一，与庆大霉素注射一起用于治疗肺炎和败血症。尽管这种药物的使用成功地降低了新生儿死亡率，但人们担心它会造成神经毒性。此前使用磺胺恶唑的临床研究表明，新生儿会发生核黄斑。这种磺胺被认为可以取代血浆中白蛋白结合部位的胆红素，导致血浆胆红素升高，胆红素穿过血脑屏障，到达中枢神经元，导致核黄蜂。我们对使用复方新诺明的临床和动物研究进行了广泛的回顾，结果显示在新生儿中没有使用SMX-TMP的核黄体症的报道。使用特定的关键词对Endnote、BasicBisis、Embase、PubMed和Toxline数据库进行搜索，得到74篇与综述相关的全文文章。本综述考虑了多种因素，包括疾病本身、药物的直接影响及其通过结合和乙酰化的代谢，通过全面复习文献来研究SMX-TMP引起新生儿核黄斑的可能性。新生儿口服SMX-TMP 7-10天不太可能引起核黄斑。此外，这篇综述建议有必要在未来的研究中使用动物模型和人类临床研究来解决SMX-TMP的毒性问题。
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) individually and a combination known as cotrimoxazole (SMX-TMP) are widely used for the treatment of protozoan and bacterial infections. SMX-TMP is also one of the widely used antibiotics administered orally in neonates, along with gentamicin injection, for treating pneumonia and sepsis by home-based healthcare providers in Asian countries. Although the use of this drug has successfully reduced neonate mortality, there is a concern for it causing neurotoxicity. Previous clinical studies with sulfisoxazole have demonstrated occurrence of kernicterus in neonates. This sulfonamide is thought to displace bilirubin from its albumin-binding sites in plasma leading to an elevation of plasma bilirubin, which crosses the blood-brain barrier, reaches central neurons to cause kernicterus. We performed an extensive review of clinical and animal studies with cotrimoxazole, which showed no reported incidences of kernicterus with SMX-TMP use in neonates. EndNote, BasicBiosis, Embase, PubMed and Toxline database searches were conducted using specific keywords yielding 74 full-length articles relevant to the review. This review has taken into account various factors, including the disease itself, direct effects of the drug and its metabolism through conjugation and acetylation through a thorough review of the literature to examine the potentials of SMX-TMP to cause kernicterus in neonates. SMX-TMP in oral doses administered to neonates for 7–10 days is unlikely to cause kernicterus. Also, this review recommends warranting the need of future studies using animal models and clinical studies in humans to address SMX-TMP toxicity.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Agweyu, Ambrose;Opiyo, Newton;English, Mike
通讯作者：
English, Mike
影响因子：
2
作者：
Awasthi, Shally;Agarwal, Girdhar;Dhasmana, Puneet
通讯作者：
Dhasmana, Puneet
影响因子：
11.5
作者：
BLOCK, JM;WALSTAD, RA;PETERSON, LE
通讯作者：
PETERSON, LE
DOI：
10.1038/sj.jp.7211152
发表时间：
2004-10-01
期刊：
Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bhutani, Vinod K;Johnson, Lois H;Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn
通讯作者：
Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Gunn, CH
通讯作者：
Gunn, CH