Clouding up the Internet: how centralized is DNS traffic becoming?

Clouding up the Internet: how centralized is DNS traffic becoming?
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互联网云化:DNS 流量变得多么集中?

DOI:
10.1145/3419394.3423625
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Proceedings of the ACM Internet Measurement Conference
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Cristian Hesselman
Cristian Hesselman
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
G. Moura;Sebastian Castro;W. Hardaker;M. Wullink;Cristian Hesselman

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在过去的几年里,人们越来越担心互联网的集中化--流量/用户/基础设施被整合到少数市场参与者手中。我们通过分析在DNS根服务器和两个国家/地区代码顶级域(ccTLD)(一个在欧洲,另一个在大洋洲)收集的DNS流量来衡量DNS和计算集中化,并显示集中化的证据。对这两个ccTLD的所有查询中,超过30%来自5家大型云提供商。我们比较了云解析器基础设施,并强调了行为上的差异:一些云提供商大量使用IPv6,DNSSEC和TCP上的DNS,而另一些云提供商则简单地使用不安全的DNS over UDP over IPv4。我们展示了集中化的一个积极方面:一旦云提供商部署了一个安全功能--比如QNAME最小化--它很快就会使大量用户受益。
Concern has been mounting about Internet centralization over the few last years -- consolidation of traffic/users/infrastructure into the hands of a few market players. We measure DNS and computing centralization by analyzing DNS traffic collected at a DNS root server and two country-code top-level domains (ccTLDs) -- one in Europe and the other in Oceania -- and show evidence of concentration. More than 30% of all queries to both ccTLDs are sent from 5 large cloud providers. We compare the clouds resolver infrastructure and highlight a discrepancy in behavior: some cloud providers heavily employ IPv6, DNSSEC, and DNS over TCP, while others simply use unsecured DNS over UDP over IPv4. We show one positive side to centralization: once a cloud provider deploys a security feature -- such as QNAME minimization -- it quickly benefits a large number of users.
DOI: --
发表时间: 2020
期刊: Lecture notes in computer science
影响因子: --
作者:
Bahador Yeganeh, Ramakrishnan Durairajan
通讯作者: Bahador Yeganeh, Ramakrishnan Durairajan
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DOI: 10.1145/3355369.3355568
发表时间: 2019
期刊: ACM Interent Measurements Conference
影响因子: --
作者:
Moura, Giovane C.;Heidemann, John;Schmidt, Ricardo de;Hardaker, Wes
通讯作者: Hardaker, Wes
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DOI: 10.1145/3278532.3278534
发表时间: 2018
期刊: ACM Interent Measurements Conference
影响因子: --
作者:
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通讯作者: Davids, Marco