Emerging Treatment Options for Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Emerging Treatment Options for Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.
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DOI:
10.3390/jcm9113655
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发表时间:
2020-11-13
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Strosberg J
Strosberg J
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cives M;Pelle' E;Strosberg J

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神经内分泌肿瘤(NETS)和癌症(NECS)的治疗选择正在扩大。早期研究表明,α-发射肽受体放射性核素疗法(PRRT)具有抗肿瘤活性的初步证据,并已开发出含有生长抑素受体拮抗剂(而不是激动剂)的新型放射性多肽。几种具有抗血管生成潜力的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)已在NETs患者中进行了评估,包括lenvatinib、axitinib、cuozantinib和pazopanib。最近,两个3期临床试验证实了血管内皮生长因子受体(VEGFR)-1、-2、-3、成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)-1和集落刺激因子-1受体(CSF-1R)的抑制剂苏法替尼对胰腺和胰外网络患者的疗效和安全性。联合免疫疗法的多个临床试验最近已经完成,但由于样本量小和结果不一致,对结果的解释受到阻碍。本文综述了神经内分泌肿瘤新兴治疗方法的最新数据。
Treatment options for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and carcinomas (NECs) are expanding. Early-phase studies have shown preliminary evidence of the antitumor activity of alpha-emitting peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), and novel radiopeptides incorporating somatostatin receptor antagonists (rather than agonists) have been developed. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with antiangiogenic potential have been evaluated in patients with NETs, including lenvatinib, axitinib, cabozantinib and pazopanib. Recently, two phase 3 clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of surufatinib, an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1, -2, -3, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-1 and colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R), in patients with pancreatic and extra-pancreatic NETs. Multiple clinical trials of combination immunotherapy have been recently completed, but interpretation of the results is hampered by small samples sizes and discordant outcomes. This review summarizes recent data on emerging treatments for neuroendocrine neoplasms.
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