π-Excess σ2P=C–N–Heterocycles: Catalytic P-Arylation and Alkylation of N-Alkyl-1,3-benzazaphospholes and Isolation of P,N-Disubstituted Dihydrobenzaza­phosphole P-Oxides

π-Excess σ2P=C–N–Heterocycles: Catalytic P-Arylation and Alkylation of N-Alkyl-1,3-benzazaphospholes and Isolation of P,N-Disubstituted Dihydrobenzaza­phosphole P-Oxides
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π-过量 σ2P=C–N– 杂环:N-烷基-1,3-苯并磷杂环磷的催化 P-芳基化和烷基化以及 P,N-二取代二氢苯并磷杂磷 P-氧化物的分离

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发表时间:
2015
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影响因子:
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通讯作者:
J. Heinicke
J. Heinicke
中科院分区:
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作者:
B. Niaz;B. Aluri;P. Jones;J. Heinicke

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2-未取代的 N-烷基-1,3-苯并磷杂环膦,与 2,3-未取代的吲哚对角地 P-C 相关,在催化量的 PdCl2 或 H2PtCl6 和合适的碱存在下,通过在 DMF 中加热,成功地被芳基碘化物和溴化物芳基化,或被新戊基碘烷基化。与这些条件下吲哚的已知2-芳基化相反,该反应导致3-位芳基化,并通过对湿度高度敏感的中间体进行到P-取代的1,3-苯并氮杂磷P-氧化物。因此,我们提出了一种用亲电芳基/烷基卤化物直接对芳香族σ2P-杂环进行P-取代的新途径。中间体的特征核磁共振波谱数据与 -P(芳基)-C(Br/Cl)-N- 物种一致,该物种是通过金属介导的芳基卤化物在 P=C 键上的加成而不是通过氧化加成到叶立德中间体而形成的。苯扎磷鎓盐可在室温下使用四氟硼酸三乙基氧鎓盐获得,并且对水解非常敏感,显示出独特的核磁共振波谱数据。通过确凿的 NMR 波谱和 HRMS 数据以及晶体结构分析阐明了产物的结构。少量的双(芳基化)产物同样可以通过晶体结构分析来鉴定。
2-Unsubstituted N-alkyl-1,3-benzazaphospholes, diagonally P–C related to 2,3-unsubstituted indoles, were successfully arylated by aryl iodides and bromides or alkylated by neopentyl iodide by heating in DMF in the presence of a catalytic amount of PdCl2 or H2PtCl6 and a suitable base. In contrast to the known 2-arylations of indoles under these conditions, the reactions led to arylation in the 3-position and proceeded via highly moisture-sensitive intermediates to P-substituted 1,3-benzazaphosphole P-oxides. Thus, we present a novel route for the direct P-substitution of aromatic σ2P-heterocycles with electrophilic aryl/alkyl halides. Characteristic NMR spectroscopic data of the intermediates are consistent with –P(aryl)–C(Br/Cl)–N– species formed by metal-mediated addition of the aryl halides at the P=C bond rather than by oxidative addition to ylidic intermediates. Benzazaphospholium salts, accessible by using triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate at room temperature and also very sensitive to hydrolysis, display distinct NMR spectroscopic data. The structures of the products were elucidated by conclusive NMR spectroscopy and HRMS data and crystal-structure analysis. Minor amounts of a bis(arylation) product could likewise be identified by crystal-structure analysis.
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