Quantitative Risk Assessment of Norovirus Transmission in Food Establishments: Evaluating the Impact of Intervention Strategies and Food Employee Behavior on the Risk Associated with Norovirus in Foods.
Quantitative Risk Assessment of Norovirus Transmission in Food Establishments: Evaluating the Impact of Intervention Strategies and Food Employee Behavior on the Risk Associated with Norovirus in Foods.
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DOI：
10.1111/risa.12758
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发表时间：
2017-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Van Doren JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duret S;Pouillot R;Fanaselle W;Papafragkou E;Liggans G;Williams L;Van Doren JM
我们开发了一个定量风险评估模型，使用离散事件框架来量化和研究诺如病毒通过零售食品环境中受感染食品员工污染的食品传播给消费者的相关风险。这项研究的重点是出现腹泻和呕吐症状的患病食品工人的影响以及诺如病毒向食品传播的潜在控制措施。该模型研究了食品员工在生病期间和症状缓解后停止工作的行为，以及在准备过程中限制食品污染的预防措施。将 21 种情况下估计的受感染客户平均数量与代表当前实践的基准情况的估计值进行了比较。结果表明，当食品企业中有出现症状的员工时，所检查的预防策略无法阻止诺如病毒传播到食品中。因此，遵守将有症状的食品员工排除在工作之外的规定至关重要，完全遵守或不遵守的估计范围分别为基线平均值的 75-226%。结果还表明，有效洗手、与戴手套合规性相关的洗手频率以及消除洗手间内手、水龙头和门把手之间的接触，可将受感染顾客的平均数量分别减少至基线的 58%、62% 和 75%。这项研究提供了定量数据来评估零售业减少诺如病毒疾病的政策和实践的相对功效，并为预防策略和合规性在减少食源性诺如病毒传播方面的相互作用和相互作用提供了新的见解。
We developed a quantitative risk assessment model using a discrete event framework to quantify and study the risk associated with norovirus transmission to consumers through food contaminated by infected food employees in a retail food setting. This study focused on the impact of ill food workers experiencing symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting and potential control measures for the transmission of norovirus to foods. The model examined the behavior of food employees regarding exclusion from work while ill and after symptom resolution and preventive measures limiting food contamination during preparation. The mean numbers of infected customers estimated for 21 scenarios were compared to the estimate for a baseline scenario representing current practices. Results show that prevention strategies examined could not prevent norovirus transmission to food when a symptomatic employee was present in the food establishment. Compliance with exclusion from work of symptomatic food employees is thus critical, with an estimated range of 75–226% of the baseline mean for full to no compliance, respectively. Results also suggest that efficient handwashing, handwashing frequency associated with gloving compliance, and elimination of contact between hands, faucets, and door handles in restrooms reduced the mean number of infected customers to 58%, 62%, and 75% of the baseline, respectively. This study provides quantitative data to evaluate the relative efficacy of policy and practices at retail to reduce norovirus illnesses and provides new insights into the interactions and interplay of prevention strategies and compliance in reducing transmission of foodborne norovirus.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Chiu, Stephanie;Skura, Brenton;Isaac-Renton, Judith
通讯作者：
Isaac-Renton, Judith
影响因子：
2
作者：
Bidawid, S;Malik, N;Farber, JM
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/s1473-3099(14)70767-4
发表时间：
2014-08
期刊：
The Lancet. Infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ahmed SM;Hall AJ;Robinson AE;Verhoef L;Premkumar P;Parashar UD;Koopmans M;Lopman BA
通讯作者：
Lopman BA
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Arthur, Sabastine Eugene;Gibson, Kristen Elizabeth
通讯作者：
Gibson, Kristen Elizabeth