Chromosome boundary elements and regulation of heterochromatin spreading.

Chromosome boundary elements and regulation of heterochromatin spreading.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00018-014-1725-x
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发表时间:
2014-12
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Jia, Songtao
Jia, Songtao
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang, Jiyong;Lawry, Stephanie T.;Cohen, Allison L.;Jia, Songtao

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染色质通常分为常染色质或异染色质,每一种都有不同的组蛋白修饰、紧致程度和基因表达模式。虽然异染色质的正确形成对维持基因组的完整性和调控基因表达是必不可少的,但异染色质也可以以不依赖于序列的方式扩散到邻近区域,导致基因失活。由于异染色质扩散的距离是随机的,因此阻止异染色质扩散的边界的形成对于维持稳定的基因表达模式至关重要。在这里,我们回顾了目前对异染色质扩散和边界形成机制的理解。
Chromatin is generally classified as euchromatin or heterochromatin, each with distinct histone modifications, compaction levels, and gene expression patterns. Although the proper formation of heterochromatin is essential for maintaining genome integrity and regulating gene expression, heterochromatin can also spread into neighboring regions in a sequence-independent manner, leading to the inactivation of genes. Because the distance of heterochromatin spreading is stochastic, the formation of boundaries, which block the spreading of heterochromatin, is critical for maintaining stable gene expression patterns. Here we review the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying heterochromatin spreading and boundary formation.
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