Sauna bathing is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality and improves risk prediction in men and women: a prospective cohort study.
Sauna bathing is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality and improves risk prediction in men and women: a prospective cohort study.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12916-018-1198-0
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发表时间：
2018-11-29
期刊：
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Laukkanen JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laukkanen T;Kunutsor SK;Khan H;Willeit P;Zaccardi F;Laukkanen JA
先前的证据表明，桑拿浴与男性致命性心血管疾病（CVD）事件的风险降低有关。本研究的目的是调查男性和女性桑拿习惯与CVD死亡率之间的关系，以及将桑拿习惯信息添加到传统心血管危险因素中是否与CVD死亡风险预测的改善相关。在基线时对1688名参与者（平均年龄63岁;范围53-74岁）的桑拿浴习惯进行了评估，其中51.4%为女性。计算多变量校正的风险比（HR），以研究桑拿使用频率和持续时间与CVD死亡率的关系。在中位随访15.0年期间，共发生181例致死性CVD事件（四分位距，14.1-15.9）。CVD死亡率的风险随着每周桑拿次数的增加而线性下降，没有阈值效应。在年龄和性别调整分析中，与每周进行一次桑拿浴的参与者相比，每周进行2至3次桑拿浴和4至7次桑拿浴的参与者的CVD死亡率HR（95% CI）分别为0.71（0.52至0.98）和0.30（0.14至0.64）。在校正了已确定的CVD危险因素、潜在混杂因素（包括体力活动、社会经济状况和冠心病事件）后，相应的HR（95% CI）分别为0.75（0.52 - 1.08）和0.23（0.08 - 0.65）。桑拿浴的持续时间（每周分钟数）与CVD死亡率呈持续负相关。将桑拿浴频率的信息添加到包含已确定风险因素的CVD死亡风险预测模型中与C指数变化（0.0091; P = 0.010），-2对数似然差异（P = 0.019）和分类净重新分类改善（4.14%; P = 0.004）相关。桑拿浴的频率和持续时间越高，与中年至老年男性和女性的致命性CVD事件的发生率呈显著、负相关和独立相关。桑拿浴的频率提高了CVD死亡率长期风险的预测。本文的在线版本（10.1186/s12916-018-1198-0）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Previous evidence indicates that sauna bathing is related to a reduced risk of fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in men. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sauna habits and CVD mortality in men and women, and whether adding information on sauna habits to conventional cardiovascular risk factors is associated with improvement in prediction of CVD mortality risk. Sauna bathing habits were assessed at baseline in a sample of 1688 participants (mean age 63; range 53–74 years), of whom 51.4% were women. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated to investigate the relationships of frequency and duration of sauna use with CVD mortality. A total of 181 fatal CVD events occurred during a median follow-up of 15.0 years (interquartile range, 14.1–15.9). The risk of CVD mortality decreased linearly with increasing sauna sessions per week with no threshold effect. In age- and sex-adjusted analysis, compared with participants who had one sauna bathing session per week, HRs (95% CIs) for CVD mortality were 0.71 (0.52 to 0.98) and 0.30 (0.14 to 0.64) for participants with two to three and four to seven sauna sessions per week, respectively. After adjustment for established CVD risk factors, potential confounders including physical activity, socioeconomic status, and incident coronary heart disease, the corresponding HRs (95% CIs) were 0.75 (0.52 to 1.08) and 0.23 (0.08 to 0.65), respectively. The duration of sauna use (minutes per week) was inversely associated with CVD mortality in a continuous manner. Addition of information on sauna bathing frequency to a CVD mortality risk prediction model containing established risk factors was associated with a C-index change (0.0091; P = 0.010), difference in − 2 log likelihood (P = 0.019), and categorical net reclassification improvement (4.14%; P = 0.004). Higher frequency and duration of sauna bathing are each strongly, inversely, and independently associated with fatal CVD events in middle-aged to elderly males and females. The frequency of sauna bathing improves the prediction of the long-term risk for CVD mortality. The online version of this article (10.1186/s12916-018-1198-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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DOI：
10.1155/2018/1857413
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hussain J;Cohen M
通讯作者：
Cohen M
影响因子：
3
作者：
KUKKONENHARJULA, K;OJA, P;VAPAATALO, H
通讯作者：
VAPAATALO, H
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
Cook, Nancy R.
通讯作者：
Cook, Nancy R.
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Iwase, Satoshi;Kawahara, Yuko;Takada, Masumi
通讯作者：
Takada, Masumi
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Groenwold, Rolf H. H.;Klungel, Olaf H.;Hoes, Arno W.
通讯作者：
Hoes, Arno W.