Severe childhood malnutrition.
Severe childhood malnutrition.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrdp.2017.67
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发表时间：
2017-09-21
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Briend A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhutta ZA;Berkley JA;Bandsma RHJ;Kerac M;Trehan I;Briend A
儿童营养不良的主要形式主要发生在生活在低收入和中等收入国家的5岁以下儿童中，包括发育迟缓、消瘦和营养不良，其中严重消瘦和营养不良通常被称为严重急性营养不良。在这里，我们使用“严重营养不良”一词来描述这些状况，以更好地反映长期贫困、普遍缺乏卫生设施和个人卫生的恶劣生活条件、传染病和环境污染的高流行率、粮食不安全、孕产妇和胎儿营养状况不佳以及婴幼儿营养摄入不理想等因素的影响。严重营养不良的儿童患严重疾病和死亡的风险增加，主要是死于急性传染病。国际生长标准用于诊断严重营养不良，并提供治疗终点。早期发现严重消瘦和营养不良以及使用即食食疗食品对这些病症进行门诊治疗是现代治疗的基石，只有一小部分儿童需要住院治疗。然而，营养不良儿童的生理和代谢功能的正常化是具有挑战性的，儿童复发和死亡的风险仍然很高。迫切需要进一步的研究来提高我们对严重营养不良的病理生理，特别是导致营养不良的机制的认识，并开发新的预防和治疗干预措施。
The main forms of childhood malnutrition occur predominantly in children <5 years of age living in low-income and middle-income countries and include stunting, wasting and kwashiorkor, of which severe wasting and kwashiorkor are commonly referred to as severe acute malnutrition. Here, we use the term ‘severe malnutrition’ to describe these conditions to better reflect the contributions of chronic poverty, poor living conditions with pervasive deficits in sanitation and hygiene, a high prevalence of infectious diseases and environmental insults, food insecurity, poor maternal and fetal nutritional status and suboptimal nutritional intake in infancy and early childhood. Children with severe malnutrition have an increased risk of serious illness and death, primarily from acute infectious diseases. International growth standards are used for the diagnosis of severe malnutrition and provide therapeutic end points. The early detection of severe wasting and kwashiorkor and outpatient therapy for these conditions using ready-to-use therapeutic foods form the cornerstone of modern therapy, and only a small percentage of children require inpatient care. However, the normalization of physiological and metabolic functions in children with malnutrition is challenging, and children remain at high risk of relapse and death. Further research is urgently needed to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of severe malnutrition, especially the mechanisms causing kwashiorkor, and to develop new interventions for prevention and treatment.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Bandsma, Robert H. J.;Mendel, Marijke;Heikens, Geert Tom
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1097/01.mco.0000078983.18774.cc
发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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