Reaction Coupled Transport and Hydrodynamics in a Phase Transfer Catalysis

本项目是一个与PTC（相转移催化）相关的反应耦合输运的研究。总的目标是开发和使用基于旋转盘流体力学的新型接触装置，研究控制PTC速率的化学动力学和传递机制。具体项目包括：1)继续当前旋转圆盘上固液PTC的研究；2)开发一种新型的流体-流体接触装置，并将其理论建立起来，用于研究液-液PTC； 3)开展基于PTC的新应用和基于膜的能量转导的探索性研究。迄今为止，PTC主要是由化学家研究的，他们已经发现了数百种具有潜在工业重要性的新的有机合成方法。目前，在化学机理和速率方面还没有足够的定量知识，无法进行系统的化学反应工程和PTC系统的放大。该方法的新颖之处在于开发和使用具有流体动力变传质特性的接触装置来研究PTC动力学和传质。本研究预计将对以下方面产生影响：1)对PTC的基本科学认识；2)反应工程和PTC反应的规模化；3)PTC在反应和输运过程耦合（“光化学”）中的新应用。此外，提出的具有均匀界面的新型流体-流体接触装置的发展将有助于物理化学流体动力学的许多其他分支。

This project is an investigation of reaction-coupled transport associated with PTC (phase-transfer catalysis). The general objectives are to develop and employ novel contacting devices, based on rotating-disk hydrodynamics, to investigate the chemical-kinetic and transport mechanisms which govern the rate of PTC. Specific projects are: 1) to continue current studies of solid-liquid PTC over a rotating disk 2) to develop a novel fluid-fluid contacting device, for which a theory is already worked out, and to employ it to investigate liquid-liquid PTC, and 3) to carry out several exploratory studies of novel applications and membrane-based energy transduction based on PTC. To date, PTC has been studied mainly by chemists, who have now discovered hundreds of new organic synthesis having potential industrial importance. At present, not enough quantitative knowledge is available on chemical mechanisms and rates to allow for systematic chemical-reaction engineering and scale-up of PTC systems. The novelty in this approach resides in the development and use of contacting devices with hydrodynamically variable mass transfer characteristics to study PTC kinetics and mass transfer. The proposed research is expected to have an impact on 1) the basic scientific understanding of PTC, 2) the reaction engineering and scale-up of PTC reactions, and 3) new applications of PTC to the coupling of reaction and transport processes ("phoretochemistry"). In addition, the proposed development of a novel fluid-fluid contacting device with uniform interface would contribute to numerous other branches of physicochemical hydrodynamics.