Enzymes Catalyzing the Biosynthesis of Alkaloids (Chemistry)

催化生物碱生物合成的酶（化学）

• 批准号: 8620345
• 负责人: Edward Leete
• 金额: $ 18.2万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-09-01 至 1990-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8620345&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Enzymes; Catalyzing; Biosynthesis; Alkaloids; Chemistry

This research project in the Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Program is designed to provide deeper understanding of how certain key organic compounds are synthesized in plants. Cell-free systems containing specific enzymes will be obtained from various parts of alkaloid-producing plants. The ability of these cell-free extracts to catalyze the transformation of known or suspected intermediates in the biosynthesis of the ultimate alkaloids will be examined. In general, the enzymes will be assayed by the use of specifically labeled (carbon, tritium, and deuterium) substrates, the use of which will facilitate identification of products and transient intermediates. Some transformations which will be studied (with the potential source of the enzymes indicated in parenthesis) are the following: (1) the demethylation of nicotine (Nicotinia glutinosa leaves); (2) cocaine biosynthesis (Erythroxylon coca leaves); (3) phenylalanine conversion to (s)-tropic acid (Danutura innoxia roots); (4) tropinone conversion to tropine (Datura innoxia roots); (5) octanoic acid conversion to 5-oxo-octanoic acid (Conium maculatum leaves); and (6) o-succinyl benzoic acid conversion to shihunine (Dendrobium pierardii stems and leaves).

这个有机和大分子化学项目的研究项目旨在更深入地了解某些关键有机化合物是如何在植物中合成的。含有特定酶的无细胞系统将从产生生物碱的植物的各个部分获得。这些无细胞提取物在最终生物碱的生物合成中催化已知或可疑中间体转化的能力将被检查。一般来说，酶将通过使用特殊标记的底物（碳、氚和氘）进行分析，这种底物的使用将有助于鉴定产物和瞬态中间体。将研究的一些转化（括号中指出了酶的潜在来源）如下：(1)尼古丁（烟碱）的去甲基化（烟碱）；(2)古柯碱生物合成（古柯红杉叶）；(3)苯丙氨酸转化为(5)热带酸（Danutura innoxia roots）；(4)托品酮转化为托品碱（曼陀罗根）；(5)辛酸转化为5-氧辛酸（棘叶）；(6)邻琥珀酰苯甲酸转化为石竹碱（石斛茎叶）。