PRF: Ecosystem Variation and Pastoral Energy Extraction Patterns

PRF：生态系统变化和田园能源提取模式

• 批准号: 8700206
• 负责人: Kathleen Galvin
• 金额: $ 2.64万
• 依托单位: Fellowships
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-01-01 至 1988-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8700206&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PRF; Ecosystem; Variation; Pastoral; Energy

East African pastoralists exploit livestock in a variety of different environments, all characterized by drastic seasonality. Pastoralists adjust to seasonality in food supply by temporally exploiting different species of livestock, by moving livestock and people, and by adjusting human population to available resources. This study is predicted on the hypotheses that (1) patterns of pastoral food procurement are aimed at achieving energy homeostasis under pressure of environmental variability and that (2) this goal of energy homeostasis requires different strategies in different ecosystems. These propositions will be tested by comparing food procurement patterns among three groups, the Rendille and Turkana of northern Kenya and the Borana of southern Ethiopia. The Rendille herd camels in a dry area, the Borana exploit cattle in mesic mountains, while the Turkana (in an intermediate environment) exploit five species of livestock. Dr. Kathleen A. Galvin will use field data and literature sources to assess the success of these human groups in maintaining energy balances on a seasonal basis despite fluctuations in food supply. A simulation model will be used to compare and integrate energetics data from these pastoral populations. The project will elucidate interactions between environment, human strategies and ecosystem energetics within the framework of systems ecology and ecological anthropology. The host institution for the one-year postdoctoral fellowship activity is Colorado State University.

东非牧民在各种不同的环境中利用牲畜，所有这些环境都具有明显的季节性。 牧民通过暂时利用不同种类的牲畜、转移牲畜和人员以及根据可用资源调整人口来适应粮食供应的季节性。 本研究的预测假设如下：(1) 牧区粮食采购模式旨在在环境变化的压力下实现能量稳态，(2) 这种能量稳态目标需要在不同的生态系统中采取不同的策略。 这些主张将通过比较三个群体（肯尼亚北部的伦迪尔人和图尔卡纳人以及埃塞俄比亚南部的博拉纳人）的粮食采购模式来检验。 伦迪勒人在干旱地区放牧骆驼，博拉纳人在中湿山区饲养牲畜，而图尔卡纳人（在中等环境中）则饲养五种牲畜。 凯瑟琳·高尔文 (Kathleen A. Galvin) 博士将利用现场数据和文献资料来评估这些人群在食物供应波动的情况下按季节维持能量平衡的成功程度。 模拟模型将用于比较和整合这些牧民的能量数据。 该项目将在系统生态学和生态人类学的框架内阐明环境、人类策略和生态系统能量学之间的相互作用。 为期一年的博士后研究金活动的主办机构是科罗拉多州立大学。