Biological Conservation and Human Ecology: Conflict or Compatibility Between Wildlife and Pastoralists in Sub-Saharan Africa

生物保护与人类生态：撒哈拉以南非洲野生动物与牧民之间的冲突或兼容

• 批准号: 9100132
• 负责人: Kathleen Galvin
• 金额: $ 30.5万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-08-15 至 1996-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9100132&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biological; Conservation; Human; Ecology; Conflict

This project involves the multidisciplinary research of anthropologists and ecologists in a conservation park in Tanzania, Africa. The central question of the project is whether subsistence pastoralists can coexist with large African mammals in a conservation park. The question of compatibility between pastoralists and wildlife in Africa, or indeed between humans and other species in any part of the world, has major implications for the future of global biological diversity and how we go about the business of biological conservation. If we assume incompatibility, this obligates us to continue to use the "park" model of conservation, where people are excluded from exploiting those areas set aside for biodiversity preservation. If we assume compatibility, a "regional conservation model" may be adopted which incorporates both environmental conservation and maintenance of biological diversity as well as providing opportunities for human development and welfare. The project will investigate these issues by measuring human land use and biological conservation in three different land-use regimes in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania. Specific studies will include land use patterns; human nutrition, economy, and demography; livestock nutritional ecology, production and demography; wildlife diversity, density and habitat use patterns; and vegetation and habitat mapping. This research should contribute valuable knowledge to inform policy makers on strategies of biodiversity conservation.

该项目涉及多学科研究， 人类学家和生态学家在一个保护公园， 非洲坦桑尼亚。 该项目的核心问题是， 自给自足的牧民可以与非洲大型哺乳动物共存 在一个自然保护区 之间的兼容性问题 非洲的牧民和野生动物，或者人类和 在世界任何地方的其他物种，有重大影响， 全球生物多样性的未来以及我们如何 生物保护事业 如果我们假设 不兼容，这迫使我们继续使用“公园” 保护模式，人们被排除在开发之外， 为保护生物多样性而保留的区域。 如果我们 假设兼容性，可能会出现“区域保护模式” 采用了既包括环境保护， 保护生物多样性， 人类发展和福利的机会。 该项目将通过测量人类土地来调查这些问题 三种不同土地利用方式的生态保护 Ngorongoro Conservation Area，坦桑尼亚 具体 研究将包括土地使用模式;人类营养，经济， 牲畜营养生态学、生产和 人口统计学;野生生物多样性、密度和生境使用模式; 以及植被和栖息地地图。这项研究应该 提供宝贵的知识，使决策者了解 生物多样性保护战略。