Systematics of Recent and Fossil Conidae

近代和化石圆锥科系统学

• 批准号: 8700523
• 负责人: Alan Kohn
• 金额: $ 22.09万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-05-15 至 1993-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8700523&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Systematics; Recent; Fossil; Conidae

This project focuses on one of the largest families of marine gastropod molluscs, the Conidae. This family of mainly tropical marine snails is important because of its very high diversity, the broad geographic range of many of its species, its ecological role as a dominant predatory group, primarily in shallow tropical seas of the Indo-West Pacific region, and its unusual danger to man. Its neurotoxic venom, normally used to overpower prey organisms, has claimed at least 30 human lives; the venom peptides are becoming increasingly significant in neurobiological studies of cell membrane proteins that regulate ion transport. The family also serves as a model of a type of evolutionary adaptive radiation characteristic of many groups of marine organisms in the Indo-West Pacific. These radiations have contributed importantly to the richness of the shallow-water marine biota of this vast region, in contrast to other marine environments. The Conidae originated at or just preceding the Cenozoic era. Fossils occur throughout the Tertiary and Quaternary geologic record; the major expansions occurred in the Eocene and Miocene epochs. The overall goal of this long-term project is to elucidate important evolutionary trends in species diversity, morphological adaptations to different environments, distribution, and ecology in the Conidae. For the proposed grant period the main goal is to improve the taxonomy and identification system of species in this complex and taxonomically very difficult family. Objective, quantitative taxonomic methods will be applied, a chronological study of type specimens and identity of species described through 1840 will be completed, and a revisionary study of one important subgroup will be made. The project will integrate study of fossils with continuing taxonomic, comparative biological, and biogeographic studies of recent species. The results may increase understanding of the evolutionary processes that lead to high biotic diversity in tropical regions and of the impact of these patterns of evolutionary radiations on the organization of communities of marine organisms.

该项目重点关注海洋腹足类软体动物最大的科之一——Conidae。 这个主要由热带海洋蜗牛组成的家族非常重要，因为它的多样性非常高，许多物种的地理范围很广，它作为主要捕食群体的生态作用（主要在印度-西太平洋地区的热带浅海），以及它对人类的不同寻常的危险。 它的神经毒性毒液通常用于压制猎物生物，已夺去了至少 30 人的生命； 毒液肽在调节离子转运的细胞膜蛋白的神经生物学研究中变得越来越重要。 该科还可以作为印度-西太平洋许多海洋生物群的进化适应性辐射特征的模型。 与其他海洋环境相比，这些辐射对这一广大地区浅水海洋生物群的丰富性做出了重要贡献。 Conidae 起源于新生代或早于新生代。 化石遍布第三纪和第四纪地质记录；主要扩张发生在始新世和中新世时期。 这个长期项目的总体目标是阐明Conidae物种多样性、不同环境的形态适应、分布和生态方面的重要进化趋势。 在拟议的资助期内，主要目标是改进这个复杂且分类学上非常困难的科中物种的分类和识别系统。 将应用客观、定量的分类学方法，完成对 1840 年描述的模式标本和物种身份的时间顺序研究，并对一个重要的亚类进行修订研究。 该项目将把化石研究与近期物种的持续分类学、比较生物学和生物地理学研究结合起来。 这些结果可能会增加对导致热带地区高度生物多样性的进化过程以及这些进化辐射模式对海洋生物群落组织的影响的理解。