Energy Balance and Control of Physiological Dormancy

能量平衡与生理休眠的控制

• 批准号: 8701687
• 负责人: George Kenagy
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-08-01 至 1990-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8701687&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Energy; Balance; Control; Physiological; Dormancy

Energy balance and constancy of body temperature are controlled by the brain in relation to changing conditions of an animal's body and environment. An attempt will be made here to investigate the characteristics of this regulatory system by studying an exceptional situation: the brief nightly period of 1-10 hours when the normal constancy of body temperature is abandoned as an energy conserving measure by one of the smallest known warm- blooded animals, a hummingbird. Like hibernating mammals, hummingbirds can enter a physiological state of torpor, in which metabolic rate and body temperature are greatly reduced. The kind of information about the internal state of the bird and the environment that is integrated by the physiological control system that initiates torpor will be determined. The special role of torpor in making possible the rapid and repeated weight gain necessary to achieve long-distance migration will also be investigated. Although hummingbirds enter the deepest state of torpor known among birds, almost every species of bird studied, as well as many mammals, reduce nighttime body temperature and metabolic rate to some degree in times of energy shortage. Torpor also appears to be analagous to human sleep. Thus torpor in hummingbirds provides an opportunity to study series of generally important physiological fundamentals with the special experimental advantages afforded by an exception to the rule of constant regulation.

控制能量平衡和体温恒定 与动物的环境变化有关 身体和环境。我们将在此进行调查 通过研究， 特殊情况：夜间1-10小时的短暂时间 当正常的恒定体温被抛弃， 节能措施之一，已知的最小的温暖， 吸血动物蜂鸟就像冬眠的哺乳动物一样， 蜂鸟可以进入一种生理上的麻木状态， 代谢率和体温都大大降低。那种 关于鸟的内部状态的信息， 由生理控制整合的环境 将确定启动休眠的系统。的特殊作用 使体重快速反复增加成为可能 实现长途迁移所必需的也将是 研究了虽然蜂鸟进入了 在鸟类中，几乎所有被研究过的鸟类， 以及许多哺乳动物，降低夜间体温， 在某种程度上，在能源短缺的时候， 麻木似乎也与人类的睡眠相似。 因此蜂鸟的休眠状态提供了一个研究 一系列普遍重要的生理基础， 例外所提供的特殊实验优势 不断调整的规则。