Reaction Rates, Photolysis Cross Sections and Product Branching Ratios Relevant to the Mesospheric and Thermospheric Chemistry of Meteor Deposited Sodium

与流星沉积钠的中层和热层化学相关的反应速率、光解截面和产物支化比

• 批准号: 8704481
• 负责人: Charles Kolb
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Aerodyne Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-15 至 1990-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8704481&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Reaction; Rates; Photolysis; Cross; Sections

Atomic sodium is released into the lower thermosphere and upper mesosphere by ablative vaporization of meteors and meteorites. The resulting free atomic sodium layer near 90 km is the source of the chemiluminescent upper stratosphere the resulting NaO, NaO2 and NaOH can react with gaseous HC affecting the chlorine and ozone chemistry of the upper atmosphere. The reactive and photolytic processes controlling the sodium airglow as well as the chemical evolution of mesospheric and stratospheric sodium have use of molecular beam, fast flow reactor, and laser photolysis techniques to sections and product branching ratios necessary to fully model the thermospheric and mesospheric chemistry of gaseous sodium compounds. The study of the chemistry of sodium in the upper atmosphere is important because the sodium layer is an indicator of dynamical motions in the 80-120km region of the atmosphere. When probed by LIDAR the layer shape reveals atmospheric waves and winds and temperature changes, information which it is hard to obtain otherwise. These studies of the chemistry of the sodium layer have long been needed to understand its formation and variations, and Drs. Herschbach (who recently received a Nobel Prize) and Kolb are leading scientists in the field.

原子钠通过流星和陨石的烧蚀汽化释放到低层热层和上层中间层。 由此产生的 90 公里处的自由原子钠层是平流层上层化学发光的来源，产生的 NaO、NaO2 和 NaOH 可以与气态 HC 发生反应，影响高层大气的氯和臭氧化学。 控制钠气辉以及中间层和平流层钠的化学演化的反应和光解过程使用分子束、快流反应器和激光光解技术来确定完全模拟气态钠化合物的热层和中间层化学所需的截面和产物支化比。 研究高层大气中钠的化学性质非常重要，因为钠层是大气 80-120 公里区域动力运动的指标。 当激光雷达探测时，层状形状揭示了大气波、风和温度变化，这些信息很难通过其他方式获得。 长期以来，人们一直需要对钠层化学进行这些研究，以了解其形成和变化。 赫施巴赫（最近获得诺贝尔奖）和科尔布是该领域的领先科学家。