RAPID: Unraveling rates of wind erosion and potential dust emission post Smokehouse Creek Fire in Texas

RAPID：揭示德克萨斯州烟屋溪火灾后风蚀和潜在粉尘排放的速度

• 批准号: 2427344
• 负责人: Abinash Bhattachan
• 金额: $ 2.7万
• 依托单位: Texas Tech University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2427344&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Unraveling; rates; wind; erosion

This project will characterize properties of burned surface soils along a gradient of grazing intensity and conduct temporal monitoring of wind erosion rates and dust emission after the Smokehouse Creek Fire in the Texas Panhandle region. This wildfire is the largest fire ever recorded in the state’s history and burned more than 1 million acres. Previous research has shown that wildfires can trigger significant rates of soil erosion. This research project responds to the urgent need to capture the first flush of eroded materials. Erosion, redistribution, and deposition of soil resources are intimately connected to landscape recovery. Collaboration and partnership with federal agencies, including the USDA and NRCS, will aid in designing long-term management of these rangelands in the region. The project will provide training opportunity to two undergraduate students at a Hispanic Serving Institution.Rangelands in arid and semi-arid regions are susceptible to enhanced rates of aeolian erosion following a wildfire. However, the impacts of wildfire extend beyond wind erosion and dust emission as vegetation recovery in these rangelands could be dependent on history of land-use and antecedent vegetation type. The project will quantify the rates of wind erosion and dust emission in rangelands (grassland, shrubland, grazed vs ungrazed sites as treatments) affected by the fire. The data will be collected with sediment samplers and a portable wind erosion simulator. This information could lead to advances in our fundamental scientific understanding of the impact of wildfire on the rate of wind erosion from sites with different vegetation types and grazing intensity and determine the recovery trajectory of these landscapes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将沿放牧强度梯度描述燃烧表面土壤的特性，并在德克萨斯州狭长地带的熏制房溪火后对风蚀率和粉尘排放进行时间监测。这场野火是该州历史上最大的火灾，烧毁了超过100万英亩的土地。先前的研究表明，野火可以引发显著的土壤侵蚀率。该研究项目响应了捕获第一批侵蚀物质的迫切需要。土壤资源的侵蚀、再分配和沉积与景观恢复密切相关。与包括美国农业部和自然资源管理委员会在内的联邦机构的合作和伙伴关系将有助于设计该地区这些牧场的长期管理。该项目将为西班牙裔服务机构的两名本科生提供培训机会。干旱和半干旱地区的牧场易受野火后风蚀率增加的影响。然而，野火的影响超出了风蚀和沙尘排放，因为这些牧场的植被恢复可能依赖于土地利用历史和先前的植被类型。该项目将量化受火灾影响的牧场（草地、灌木丛、放牧地和未放牧地）的风蚀率和粉尘排放率。数据将通过沉积物采样器和便携式风蚀模拟器收集。这些信息有助于我们进一步了解野火对不同植被类型和放牧强度地点风蚀率的影响，并确定这些景观的恢复轨迹。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。