Engineering Research Equipment Grant: Batch Reactor Faciltiy

工程研究设备补助金：间歇式反应器设施

• 批准号: 8705270
• 负责人: Christos Georgakis
• 金额: $ 4.59万
• 依托单位: Lehigh University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-05-15 至 1988-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8705270&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Engineering; Research; Equipment; Grant; Batch

Economic pressures are forcing the chemical industry to decrease production of large amounts of commodity chemicals and to move to the production of smaller amounts of fine or specialty chemicals. These require different modes of operation, an important one being batch processing. Processes related to the production of specialty chemicals are characterized by significant price differences between the reactants and the products. Often a batch does not result in making a product of the desired quality and has to be discarded. Because the added value of the product in relationship to the reactants is so high, significant economic benefits can result from a general purpose modeling and optimization strategy for batch processes that decreases the number of batches that do not meet the product quality constraints. In contrast to continuous processes, batch processes are characterized by transient and nonlinear behavior. The linear approximate models, useful for continuous processes, can not be applied simply because there does not exist a steady state about which the process can be linearized. The use of batch reactor models that predict the time evolution of the concentration changes of the most important reactants and products offers the possibility for a much better understanding and a significant increase in the optimization of the process. The PI's plan to use "Tendency" or "Gray" models, because they do not depend upon the availability of a detailed and predictive model of the process ("White" model) as such models are very rarely available. In this technique an initial model is postulated (often a very crude one) and is successively updated and improved using experimental results. The equipment requested, a batch reactor, a gas chromotograph (to measure concentrations) and computer equipment for on line calculations and control of the process, are appropriate for the project. The PIs are respected researchers. Digital Equipment Corporation offers a 30% discount on equipment awarded under NSF grants. The PI has obtained an estimate of $40,330 for the computer equipment, therefore using the 30% discount and 1/3 cost share by Lehigh University an award of $45,941 out of FY87 funds is recommended.

经济压力迫使化学工业减少大量商品化学品的生产，转而生产少量精细或特种化学品。 这些需要不同的操作模式，其中一个重要的模式是批处理。 与特种化学品生产相关的过程的特点是反应物和产品之间存在巨大的价格差异。 通常，一批产品无法达到所需的质量，因此必须被丢弃。 由于产品相对于反应物的附加值非常高，因此批量过程的通用建模和优化策略可以减少不满足产品质量约束的批次数量，从而产生显着的经济效益。 与连续过程相比，间歇过程的特点是瞬态和非线性行为。 对于连续过程有用的线性近似模型不能简单地应用，因为不存在可以使过程线性化的稳态。 使用间歇反应器模型来预测最重要的反应物和产物的浓度变化的时间演变，为更好地理解和显着提高过程的优化提供了可能性。 PI 计划使用“趋势”或“灰色”模型，因为它们不依赖于过程的详细预测模型（“白色”模型）的可用性，因为此类模型很少可用。 在这项技术中，假设了一个初始模型（通常是非常粗糙的模型），并使用实验结果连续更新和改进。 所需的设备包括间歇式反应器、气相色谱仪（用于测量浓度）以及用于在线计算和过程控制的计算机设备，均适合该项目。 PI 是受人尊敬的研究人员。 Digital Equipment Corporation 对 NSF 资助的设备提供 30% 的折扣。 PI 获得的计算机设备估价为 40,330 美元，因此，建议使用 30% 的折扣和 Lehigh 大学分摊的 1/3 成本，从 2087 财年资金中拨款 45,941 美元。