REU: An Experimental Analysis of Neighborhood Interactions Among Zooplankton

REU：浮游动物邻域相互作用的实验分析

• 批准号: 8705480
• 负责人: Carol Folt
• 金额: $ 9.22万
• 依托单位: Dartmouth College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-01 至 1990-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8705480&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: REU; Experimental; Analysis; Neighborhood; Interactions

One of the most striking characteristics of aquatic communities is the extreme spatial and temporal heterogeneity in zooplankton abundance. A major consequence of patchiness is that individuals differ in the densities and species they encounter, and therefore are likely to experience different competitive pressures and predation risks. The goal of this research is to determine whether patchiness in zooplankton communities affects the outcome of interactions among commonly co-occurring species under realistic conditions. The research combines field measurements and experimental laboratory manipulations. The field measurements characterize the neighborhoods (the number and composition of the zooplankton and phytoplankton in close proximity) experienced by each species in 2 dates during the growing season. The effect of sampling volume (1, 14 and 50 liters) and diurnal movements on estimates of spatial pattern (patchiness, number of other animals experienced by each individual, species specific tendencies to aggregate) will be tested. The experimental manipulations measure the outcome of 2 types of interactions that are more likely to be affected by close neighbors than by mean population densities: filtering and predation rate inhibition by neighbors. The appropriate neighborhood volume for measuring these 2 types of interactions will be experimentally quantified and compared to the field measurements of spatial pattern at the same scales when possible. This approach links patchiness in zooplankton abundance to the controlled study of species interactions under realistic field conditions. Measuring density dependent interactions among zooplankton is necessary if we are to expand the study of zooplankton interactions to include the striking spatial and temporal distribution patterns observed in nature.

水生生物最显著的特征之一 群落是极端的时空异质性 浮游动物的数量。 斑块的一个主要后果是 个体在密度和种类上有所不同， 遇到，因此可能会经历不同的 竞争压力和掠夺风险。 这个目标 研究是为了确定浮游动物的斑块是否 社区影响着共同体之间相互作用的结果， 现实条件下的共生物种。 该研究结合了现场测量和实验 实验室操作。 现场测量表明， 社区（社区的数量和组成） 浮游动物和浮游植物）的经验 在生长季节的2个日期内，每个物种。 的 采样体积（1，14和50升）和昼夜的影响 移动对空间格局的估计（斑块，数量 每一个个体、物种 具体趋势聚集）将被测试。 的 实验操作测量2种类型的结果， 更有可能受到密切影响的相互作用 邻居比平均人口密度：过滤和 邻体对捕食率的抑制作用。 适当的 用于测量这两种类型相互作用的邻域体积 将通过实验进行量化，并与现场进行比较 在可能的情况下，以相同的尺度测量空间格局。 这种方法将浮游动物丰度的斑块联系起来， 现实条件下物种相互作用的受控研究 现场条件。 测量密度相关的相互作用 如果我们要扩大对浮游动物的研究， 浮游动物的相互作用包括引人注目的空间和 在自然界中观察到的时间分布模式。