Effects of Algae-Grazing Fishes on Biotic Communities and Ecosystem Processes in North Temperate Streams

北温带溪流食藻鱼类对生物群落和生态系统过程的影响

• 批准号: 8706046
• 负责人: William Matthews
• 金额: $ 21.39万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-15 至 1991-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8706046&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Effects; Algae; Grazing; Fishes; Biotic

This project builds on three years of investigation on the effects of grazer-algae interactions and predator-grazer-algae interactions in north temperate streams to ask fundamental questions about the influence of grazing fishes (Campostoma) on biotic communities and ecosystem-level processes or rates in stream systems. The previous research demonstrated a link between predatory fishes that influenced distributions of the algae-grazing minnows, which in turn has strong effects on disribution and kinds of attached algae. The previous research also suggested that grazing by Campostoma could have a direct influence upon the taxa of algae that dominated Ozark stream substrates, maintaining a "lawn" of primary productivity, and changes in kinds of algae could influence phenomena such as nitrogen fixation, C:N ratios, or bacterial flora. This research tests, through a combination of laboratory and field manipulations, the hypothesis that grazing fishes have prevasive effects throughout the structure and function of temperate stream ecosystems. Fish have largely been overlooked as grazers in north temperate streams. The present study will use laboratory stream comparisons of Campostoma to a variety of invertebrate taxa with regard to strength of grazing effects upon system phenomena.

该项目建立在对北温带河流中食草动物-藻类相互作用和捕食者-食草动物-藻类相互作用的影响进行三年调查的基础上，旨在提出关于食草鱼类（Campostoma）对河流系统中生物群落和生态系统水平过程或速率的影响的基本问题。 先前的研究表明，掠食性鱼类之间存在联系，影响了以藻类为食的米诺鱼的分布，而这反过来又对附着藻类的分布和种类产生了强烈影响。 先前的研究还表明，坎波斯马的放牧可能对奥索卡河底质中占主导地位的藻类类群产生直接影响，维持初级生产力的“草坪”，而藻类种类的变化可能会影响固氮、碳氮比或细菌菌群等现象。 这项研究通过实验室和现场操作相结合，检验了食草鱼类对温带河流生态系统的结构和功能具有普遍影响的假设。 作为北温带溪流中的食草动物，鱼类在很大程度上被忽视了。 本研究将利用实验室流比较 Campostoma 与各种无脊椎动物类群，了解放牧对系统现象的影响强度。