A Biography of August Krogh

奥古斯特·克罗传记

• 批准号: 8706466
• 负责人: Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen
• 金额: $ 1.4万
• 依托单位: Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-01 至 1990-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8706466&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biography; August; Krogh

The families Bach, Mozart and Strauss are known for music. Similarly, there are families known for their science. Among the more famous are the Huxley, Curie, and Bohr families. Another, not so well-known scientific family is that of the Krogh's of Denmark. August Krogh won the Nobel prize in physiology for his study of capillaries, but this work was only a small part of his many contributions to the field including pioneering studies of respiration in animals and man, in comparative physiology of osmoregulation, and in membrane transport. His wife, Marie Jorgensen Krogh, not only collaborated with her husband on many of his projects, but carried out independent research of her own including her classic study of the diffusion capacity of human lungs, other work in human physiology and nutrition. Their daughter, Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen, also became a successful scientist carrying out important research on kidney physiology and rising to become the president of the American Physiological Society. Though the Krogh family is not so well-known now, this situation seems likely to change. The daughter, Professor Schmidt-Nielsen, is undertaking with the support of this grant a scientific biography of her parents. Professor Schmidt-Nielsen brings unique qualifications to this study. As a physiologist herself, she thoroughly understands her parents work and can communicate with their students and friends. She knows Danish, and, because of her position, has special access to sources. Further, she has a sophisticated understanding of historical methodology which is rare among eminent scientists. She will examine vast amounts of archival material in the Royal Library in Copenhagen including personal family letters. She has already contacted and obtained materials from her parents collaborators and students. Her study promises to provide us with a classic study of the scientific enterprise from a very personal and intimately informed position. While such studies can be problematic at times, Professor Schmidt-Nielsen fully understands these problems and has demonstrated her ability to overcome them and write with real understanding about the scientific work of her parents. This study promises to be of great interest for historians, philosophers and biologists interested in the development of 20th century research.

巴赫、莫扎特和施特劳斯家族以音乐著称。同样，也有一些家庭以他们的科学而闻名。其中比较著名的是赫胥黎、居里和玻尔家族。另一个不太知名的科学家族是丹麦的克罗家族。奥古斯特·克罗因其对毛细血管的研究而获得诺贝尔生理学奖，但这项工作只是他在该领域的许多贡献中的一小部分，这些贡献包括对动物和人类呼吸的开创性研究，渗透调节的比较生理学，以及膜运输。他的妻子玛丽·约根森·克罗不仅在他的许多项目上与丈夫合作，还进行了自己的独立研究，包括她对人类肺部扩散能力的经典研究，以及人类生理学和营养学的其他工作。他们的女儿Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen也成为了一名成功的科学家，在肾脏生理学方面进行了重要研究，并成为美国生理学会的主席。尽管克罗夫家族现在不那么出名，但这种情况似乎有可能改变。她的女儿施密特-尼尔森教授在这笔赠款的支持下，正在为她的父母撰写一本科学传记。施密特-尼尔森教授为这项研究带来了独特的资格。作为一名生理学家，她非常了解父母的工作，并能与学生和朋友交流。她懂丹麦语，而且，由于她的职位，她有特殊的渠道获得消息来源。此外，她对历史方法论有着复杂的理解，这在杰出的科学家中是罕见的。她将检查哥本哈根皇家图书馆的大量档案材料，包括私人家书。她已经联系并从父母、合作者和学生那里获得了材料。她的研究承诺从非常私人和知情的角度为我们提供关于科学事业的经典研究。虽然这样的研究有时会有问题，但施密特-尼尔森教授完全理解这些问题，并展示了她克服这些问题的能力，并以真正理解她父母的科学工作的方式写作。这项研究有望引起对20世纪研究发展感兴趣的历史学家、哲学家和生物学家的极大兴趣。