Hunger and Satiety Produced by Simple Sugar

大多数目前的饥饿理论预测，葡萄糖应该是 满足感 没有人会预测葡萄糖或其他简单的 糖可以作为饥饿或食欲刺激剂，但 单糖产生饥饿和食欲的作用已经被 实验证明。 例如，Geiselman博士 表明，当葡萄糖缓慢注入十二指肠时， 兔子减少了随后的食物摄入量，事实也是如此 预期 然而，当葡萄糖迅速注入到 十二指肠，兔子的食物摄入量几乎翻了一番。 盖塞尔曼博士的研究试图确定为什么葡萄糖 有时是饱腹的，而在其他时候则产生饥饿。 她将进行实验，以确定荷尔蒙 和代谢机制，产生饱腹感， 将葡萄糖输注到十二指肠和饥饿， 葡萄糖快速注入十二指肠。 Geiselman博士的研究将提供对基本的 控制食物摄入的生理机制， 特别是，糖摄入量与饥饿动机相关。 博士 Geiselman假设：（1）葡萄糖在满足时， 随后是胰岛素水平的适度升高， 产生低血糖，（2）葡萄糖刺激进一步 饥饿时，胰岛素水平随之大幅升高 这是足以产生低血糖症，（3）， 当葡萄糖被 容易转化为脂肪。

Most current theories of hunger predict that glucose should be satiating. None would predict that glucose or other simple sugars could act as hunger or appetite stimulants, yet the hunger- and appetite-producing effects of simple sugars have been demonstrated experimentally. For example, Dr. Geiselman has shown that, when glucose was slowly infused into the duodenum, rabbits decreased their subsequent food intake, as would be expected. However, when glucose was rapidly infused into the duodenum, the rabbits nearly doubled their food intake. Dr. Geiselman's research is attempting to determine why glucose sometimes is satiating and at other times acts to produce hunger. She will carry out experiments designed to determine the hormonal and metabolic mechanisms that produce satiety in response to slow infusions of glucose into the duodenum and hunger in response to fast infusions of glucose into the duodenum. Dr. Geiselman's research will provide insight into the basic physiological mechanisms that control food intake and, more specifically, that relate sugar intake to hunger motivation. Dr. Geiselman hypothesizes: (1) that glucose is satiating when it is followed by a moderate rise in insulin level that is insufficient to produce hypoglycemia, (2) that glucose stimulates further hunger when it is followed by a great elevation in insulin level that is sufficient to produce hypoglycemia, and (3) that the hunger-stimulating effect of glucose occurs when glucose is readily converted to fat.