Third Conference on the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory,Irvine, California, October 14-17, 1987

这一行动是为第三届学习和记忆神经生物学会议提供部分支持。这次会议是由学习和记忆神经生物学中心组织的，将由来自世界各地的主要研究人员进行演讲和讨论。会议的主题将是皮层和皮层下回路的设计与特定方面或记忆类型的出现之间的关系，包括那些涉及认知的记忆。与本专题有关的三个问题将在连续几天讨论。首先，我们将探讨记忆的形式问题；会议第一天的演讲人将讨论大脑中有多少种记忆系统共存，以及它们之间存在的神经生物学和心理学关系。无论是从细胞化学的角度还是从神经网络的角度来描述记忆的基础，通常都无法明确“记忆”的含义。这种做法产生了相当大的不必要的混乱。因此，会议将从广泛的学习范式和准备（从无脊椎动物的条件反射到人类的情景记忆）的特征的扩展分析开始，并寻求识别共性和差异。几乎所有的学习理论学家都认为，人类和其他脑部较大的哺乳动物的大部分记忆储存和处理都是通过网络完成的，这些网络贯穿新皮层，并将其与特定的皮层下区域（如杏仁核和海马体）连接起来。会议的第二天将关注皮层回路的组织，我们所知道的它们的可塑性，以及它们的特殊特征如何用于记忆操作。令人惊讶的是，很少有人试图将新皮层的神经生物学与更高的心理功能（如记忆的整合和分割）联系起来；在许多意义上，针对这个问题的第二届会议将开辟新的领域。会议的第三天也是最后一天将使用计算机模型探索皮质记忆系统。我们将讨论一系列的网络模型，从那些基于生理学的模型到更纯粹的理论结构。总之，这次会议的目的是依次探讨三个相关的问题：1)有多少种形式的记忆？2)这些形式与大脑皮层的特殊回路有什么关系？3)为了产生内存，这些电路必须执行哪些类型的计算操作？

This action is to provide partial support for the Third Conference on the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. This conference is being organized by the Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and will offer presentations and discussion by leading investigators from around the world. The topic of the conference will be the relationship between the design of cortical and cortico- subcortical circuitries and the emergence of particular aspects or types of memory, including those involved in cognition. Three issues related to this topic will be discussed on successive days. First, the question of the forms of memory will be explored; speakers on the first day of the meeting will address the question of how many types of memory systems co-exist in brain as well as the neurobiological and psychological relationships existing between them. Descriptions of the substrates of memory, either in terms of cellular chemistries or neural networks, very often fail to specify what is meant by "memory". This practice has generated considerable an unnecessary confusion. Accordingly, the conference will begin with an extended analysis of the characteristics of a wide range of learning paradigms and preparations (from conditioning in invertebrates to episodic memory in humans) and seek to identify commonalities and differences. Nearly all learning theorists assume that most of the storage and processing of memory by humans and other big- brained mammals is accomplished by networks which run through the neocortex and connect it with specific subcortical regions such as the amygdala and hippocampus. The second day of the conference will be concerned with the organized of cortical circuitries, what we know of their plasticity, and how their specialized features might be utilized for memorial operations. Surprisingly enough, there have been very few attempts to link the neurobiology of neocortex with higher psychological functions such as integration and partitioning of memory; in many senses, the second session, which will be directed at this issue, will be breaking new ground. The third and last day of the meeting will explore cortical memory systems using computer models. A spectrum of network models will be discussed, ranging from those grounded in physiology to more purely theoretical constructions. In summary, the conference is designed to explore in sequence three related questions: 1) How many forms of memory are there? 2) How do these forms relate to the specialized circuitry that characterizes cortex? and 3) What types of computational operations must these circuits perform in order to produce memory?