Fundamental Studies in Dipolar Aprotic Solvents (Chemistry)

偶极非质子溶剂的基础研究（化学）

• 批准号: 8712470
• 负责人: Johannes Coetzee
• 金额: $ 14.8万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-01 至 1989-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8712470&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Fundamental; Studies; Dipolar; Aprotic; Solvents

This project is in the general area of analytical and surface chemistry and in the subfield of electrochemistry. The thrust of this research is to improve the understanding of the intrinsic properties of dipolar aprotic solvents, including dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxolane, which are important in many diverse fields such as synthesis, homogeneous catalysis, electrocatalysis, electroanalysis, and high energy density battery technology. Since many of these applications are compromised by reactive impurities present in the solvents, the characterization and removal of these species is of paramount importance. Professor Coetzee and his co-workers will characterize impurities on the basis of their reactivities, rather than their concentrations only, by using a highly effective 'ion probe' method that they developed under the previous NSF grant, CHE-8408411. In this method, such highly reactive ion probes as hydrogen, copper (II), and fluoride are added over an appropriately wide concentration range (typically 10 nanomolar to 10 millimolar) while their activities are monitored with the corresponding indicator electrodes. Well characterized deviations in the responses of the electrodes reveal the presence of certain classes of impurities. Gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric procedures are then optimized for final identification and quantification of individual impurities.

这个项目是在一般地区的分析和表面 化学和电化学的子领域。 的推力 本研究的目的是为了提高人们对 偶极非质子溶剂的性质，包括二甲基 甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、环丁砜、四氢呋喃和 二氧戊环，其在许多不同领域中是重要的， 合成，均相催化，电催化， 电分析和高能量密度电池技术。 由于这些应用程序中的许多都受到反应性 溶剂中存在的杂质、表征和 清除这些物种至关重要。 教授 Coetzee和他的同事将描述 反应性的基础，而不是它们的浓度 只是，通过使用高效的“离子探针”方法， 在先前的NSF资助下开发，CHE-8408411。 在这 方法，如高活性离子探针，氢，铜（II）， 和氟化物以适当宽的浓度加入 范围（通常为10纳摩尔至10毫摩尔），而它们的 用相应的指标监测活动 个电极 反应的良好表征偏差 电极揭示了某些种类的 杂质 气相色谱和质谱 然后对程序进行优化，以进行最终鉴定， 单个杂质的定量。