Energy Balance in Atmospheric Tides

大气层的潮汐是由太阳和月亮源源不断的能量供应维持的。这种能量是通过吸收低层和中层大气中的太阳辐射，以及中低层大气中的太阳辐射，以及作用在低层大气中的重力潮汐力量获得的。这样提供的能量被用来克服内部耗散。能量平衡还必须考虑到大气与底层海洋和固体地球之间的能量交换。这项研究的目的是对大气潮汐能量的源和汇进行定量评估。月球半日潮是最简单的情况，因为它只由引力激发。这使得从观测到的地球表面潮汐压力的分布推断出消散是可能的。太阳全日潮汐虽然起源纯热，但却是一个更困难的情况，因为它的耗散只能通过数值模拟来估计。从能量平衡的角度来看，最大的大气潮汐--太阳半日潮--是最复杂的，因为它既有引力又有热激发。它也需要数值建模。普拉茨曼教授是一位著名的气象学家，在各种潮汐问题方面拥有丰富的经验，包括大气和海洋；他是从事这项拟议工作的理想人选。

Atmospheric tides are maintained by a continual supply of energy from the sun and moon. This energy is acquired by absorption of solar radiation in the lower and middle atmosphere, and from solar radiation in the lower and middle atmosphere, and from gravitational tide forces, which act in the lower atmosphere. The energy thus supplied is used to overcome internal dissipation. The energy balance must also account for the exchange of energy between the atmosphere and the underlying ocean and solid earth. The aim of this research is to make a quantitative assessment of the sources and sinks of atmospheric tidal energy. The lunar semidiurnal tide is the simplest case, because it is excited only by gravitational forces. This makes it possible to infer the dissipation from the observed distribution of tidal pressure at the earth's surface. The solar diurnal tide, although purely thermal in origin, is a more difficult case because the dissipation can be estimated only by numerical modeling. The largest atmospheric tide--the solar semidiurnal-- is the most complicated from the standpoint of energy balance, because it has both gravitational and thermal excitations. It, too, requires numerical modeling. Professor Platzman is a renowned meteorologist with considerable experience with various problems of tides, both atmospheric and oceanic; he is an ideal candidate to pursue the proposed work.