Property Rights and Incentives in Pre- and Post-Reform Chinese Agriculture

改革前后中国农业的产权和激励措施

• 批准号: 8721382
• 负责人: Louis Putterman
• 金额: $ 11.15万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-03-01 至 1992-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8721382&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Property; Rights; Incentives; Pre; Post

Much has been written about the importance of China's economic performance and political stability to regional and global prospects for the coming decades. Within that context, the importance of China's agricultural sector, which still produces a third of the country's gross domestic product and provides work for two thirds of its population, is obvious. Roughly half of the developing world's and nearly a third of the entire world's farmers reside in China. The importance of its agricultural sector to world crop production, to international agricultural trade, to meeting world food requirements, and to the welfare of a large fraction of the world's poor or near-poor, is thus equally obvious. Similar statements would apply to the part that rural economic development in general will play in China's social and economic evolution in the next half century. This project studies productivity, factor allocation, incentive, and income distribution features of the Chinese rural economy under sequential systems of property rights and economic organization at the micro level of households, production teams, villages, and a rural people's commune or township. The principal data set covers the period 1970 to 1985 and comes from Dahe township near Shijiazhuang in the northern Chinese province of Hebei. During the period covered, the economic system was dominated by collective agricultural production in 1970-79, by household-based farming with mixed-form non-agricultural activities in 1983-85, and by a transitional regime in 1980-82. Planned projects include simulation of the household contracting system under alternative assumptions about the operation of markets, using parameter estimates based on Dahe data; analysis of the productivity effects of the adoption of both intermediate and extreme forms of the household production responsibility system at Dahe; examination of the effects of contractual status on the productivity of individual farm plots under the latter form of the PRS at Dahe; and analysis of the impacts of different land allocation procedures on productivity and income distribution, including examination of the farm size/farm productivity relationship.

关于中国经济表现和政治稳定对未来几十年地区和全球前景的重要性已有很多文章。 在此背景下，中国农业部门的重要性是显而易见的，农业部门仍然创造了中国三分之一的国内生产总值，并为三分之二的人口提供了工作。 大约一半的发展中国家和全世界近三分之一的农民居住在中国。 因此，其农业部门对于世界作物生产、国际农业贸易、满足世界粮食需求以及世界上大部分穷人或准穷人的福利的重要性同样显而易见。 类似的说法也适用于农村经济发展总体上将在未来半个世纪中国社会和经济演变中发挥的作用。 本项目研究在家庭、生产队、村庄和农村人民公社或乡镇等微观层面上连续产权和经济组织制度下中国农村经济的生产率、要素配置、激励和收入分配特征。 主要数据集涵盖1970年至1985年期间，来自中国北部河北省石家庄附近的大河镇。 在此期间，经济体系在1970-79年以集体农业生产为主，在1983-85年以家庭农业和混合形式非农活动为主，在1980-82年以过渡体制为主。 计划项目包括使用基于大河数据的参数估计，模拟市场运行的替代假设下的家庭承包制度；分析大河采用中间形式和极端形式的家庭生产联产承包责任制对生产力的影响；在大河的后一种形式的 PRS 下，审查合同地位对单个农田生产力的影响；分析不同土地分配程序对生产力和收入分配的影响，包括检查农场规模/农场生产力关系。