Human rights in global supply chains: Measuring the effectiveness of home state regulatory models on corporate behaviour

自2011年通过《联合国工商业与人权指导原则》以来，各国立法的各种发展都旨在将自愿性《联合国工商业与人权指导原则》转化为对全球供应链内企业人权影响具有约束力的法律的义务。这类法律的主要例子是德国、法国的法律和拟议的欧盟《企业可持续性尽职调查指令》。虽然这些法律都是以UNGP的概念为基础，但在适用范围、责任种类、执行程度等方面都遵循不同的模式，而且都是由跨国公司的所谓“母国”（位于全球供应链顶端的公司所在国）制定的。本研究将调查和比较这些母国法律的模式对公司实践的影响。特别是，重点将放在已经或正在发生关键发展的八个司法管辖区：德国、法国、挪威、荷兰、瑞士、英国、欧盟以及美国已经存在和欧盟目前提出的强迫劳动进口禁令。

Since the adoption of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) in 2011, various national legislative developments are being aimed at turning the voluntary UNGPs into binding legal obligations for corporate human rights impacts within global supply chains. The leading examples of such laws are those of the Germany, France, and the proposed EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive. Although these laws are built on the concepts of the UNGPs, they each follow different models in terms of scope, types of duties imposed, and level of enforcement , and they are all enacted by the so-called "home states" of transnational corporations (countries where the companies at the top end of global supply chains are based). This study will investigate and compare the effect of each of these home state legal models on corporate practice. In particular, the focus will be on eight jurisdictions in which key developments have or are taking place: the Germany, France, Norway, the Netherlands, Switzerland, UK, the EU and the forced labour import bans already in existence in the US and currently proposed by the EU.