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A Rapid Response Instrument for In Situ Measurement of Atmospheric Water Vapor

大气水汽原位测量快速响应仪器

基本信息

批准号：
8722378
负责人：
Alan Stanton
金额：
$ 17.6万
依托单位：
Southwest Sciences Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1988-12-01 至 1991-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8722378&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Rapid Response Instrument Situ Measurement

项目摘要

Measurement of water vapor concentration or humidity is important in many areas of atmospheric research. Most existing instrumentation does not have adequate sensitivity or time response for measurements at high altitudes or in cold regions, or for flux measurements in the surface layer. The purpose of this research is to study the development of a high resolution infrared absorption sensor for fast-response measurement of water vapor, utilizing a liquid nitrogen-cooled lead-salt diode laser. In Phase I of this SBIR program, a multiple pass absorption cell design which has excellent alignment stability was demonstrated for application to water vapor measurements. A set of absorption lines was identified which can be used to achieve a very wide dynamic range sufficient to accommodate measurements of humidity under all expected conditions in the troposphere or lower stratosphere. Accurate measurements of the integrated line strengths for these lines were made in Phase I. The major objectives of the Phase II SBIR research are to study methods for simplifying the instrument design using infrared fiber optics and to enhance measurement accuracy by using a dual-beam method. A prototype humidity sensor will be assembled for laboratory and local field tests. These tests will include detailed evaluations of sensitivity, accuracy, and time response, including intercomparison with other instrumentation used for water vapor measurements in atmospheric or meteorological research.

水蒸气浓度或湿度的测量是在大气研究的许多领域都很重要。大多数现有仪器没有足够的灵敏度或时间在高海拔或寒冷地区的测量响应，或者用于表面层中的通量测量。的目的本研究旨在研究开发一种高分辨率用于快速响应测量红外吸收传感器水蒸气，利用液氮冷却的铅盐二极管激光器在SBIR计划的第一阶段，具有优异的对准稳定性的吸收单元设计被证明适用于水蒸气测量。确定了一组吸收线，可用于实现了非常宽的动态范围在所有预期条件下的湿度测量对流层或平流层下部。的精确测量这些品系的综合品系强度是在一阶段第二阶段SBIR研究的主要目标是研究简化仪器设计的方法使用红外光纤，提高测量精度通过使用双波束方法。湿度传感器的原型将用于实验室和当地现场测试。这些测试将包括对敏感性、准确性和时间响应，包括与其他用于测量水蒸气的仪器大气或气象研究。