Simulation of Reinforced Masonry Walls Under Simulated Seismic Excitations

在美国和世界范围内，砖石结构占建筑结构的很大一部分。加筋砌体以其经济、防火、建筑灵活、施工方便等明显的特点，在中、高震区的应用越来越多。砌体结构分析和设计、材料和施工技术的现状不能准确预测建筑在侧向荷载（如地震荷载）下的性能。在美国，砌体建筑的设计和建造方法、规范和标准依赖于工作应力方法、经验规则和确定允许应力值的可疑方法的混合。砌体也是一种复杂的建筑材料，因为大量的设计和施工变量会影响最终产品的结构及其在地震荷载下的反应。为了描述砌体建筑的地震反应，有必要建立基本的知识库，以确定符合安全和经济要求的基本设计方法。本研究项目将建立一个先进的钢筋砌体分析模型和相关的数值算法来模拟1层、2层和3层剪力墙的单调和滞后平面响应。该模型是非现象学的，即整体响应可以从砌体、钢和钢-混凝土界面的本构关系以及钢的几何结构中综合出来。该研究为其他砌体研究人员提供了直接支持，其结果将用于规划实验，解释实验数据，并扩展实验数据库。该项目是美日砌体建筑研究协调计划和砌体研究技术协调委员会计划的一部分。

Masonry construction comprises a large portion of building construction in the U.S. and the world. Reinforced masonry construction use is increasing in moderate to higher seismic zones because of its apparent features of economy, fire safety, architectural flexibility and ease of construction. The present state of masonry structural analysis and design, and materials and construction technologies does not enable an accurate prediction of building behavior under lateral loads such as seismic loads. In the U.S., masonry buildings are designed and built with methods, codes and standards that rely upon a mixture of working stress methods, empirical rules, and questionable methods for determining allowable stress values. Masonry is also a complex building material because of the large number of design and construction variables which influence the final product configuration and its response under seismic loads. In order to describe the seismic response of masonry buildings it is necessary to develop the fundamental knowledge base to determine basic design methodologies consistent with safety and economic requirements. This research project will construct an advanced analytical model for reinforced masonry and associated numerical algorithms to simulate the monotonic and hysteretic planar response of 1-, 2-, and 3-story shear walls. The model is nonphenomenological in the sense that the global response can be synthesized from the constitutive relations of the masonry, steel and steel-concrete interfaces together with the steel geometry. The research provides direct support to other masonry researchers where the results will be used to plan experiments, interpret experimental data, and extend the experimental data base. This project is part of the U.S.-Japan Coordinated Program for Masonry Building Research and the Technical Coordinating Committee for Masonry Research (TCCMAR) Program.