Seismic Design, Detailing, and Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Masonry Shear Walls

加拿大西部和东部地区有活跃的地震带。位于这些地区的建筑物，如果其设计和细节不足以在地震灾害下发挥良好作用，则容易受到严重破坏或倒塌。尽管钢筋混凝土砌体（RCM）建筑行业的规模相当大，但对新型RCM系统抗震性能的研究却很有限。配筋混凝土砌体剪力墙通常用于中高层砌体建筑中，作为抗震系统（SFRS）的一部分，以提供抵抗地震引起的侧向荷载所需的侧向强度、刚度和能量耗散能力。对于新建和现有的RCM建筑，迫切需要开发新颖和创造性的工程解决方案，以保护社会免受潜在的结构地震破坏。 申请人的研究计划的长期目标是促进砌体结构的抗震性能的理解，并利用这种理解来开发模型，设计工具和规范规定，以促进可持续和抗震灾害弹性砌体建筑的开发，设计和建设。在短期内，申请人将专注于两个研究方向：（1）RCM建筑的抗震设计和详细说明;以及（2）钢筋混凝土砌体建筑的抗震改造。在这两个轴的具体研究将集中在RCM剪力墙：（1.a）评估循环轴向应变下RCM边界单元的行为;（1.b）制定规范规定，详细说明带边界元素的RCM剪力墙，具体而言，墙腹板和边界元素之间的界面、墙腹板中的应变分布，以及腹板和边界单元中竖向钢筋的搭接;（1.c）为重力墙和延性RCM剪力墙边界构件的垂直范围制定设计建议;（2.a）采用纤维增强聚合物复合材料，为抗剪临界加固临界砌石墙制定抗震加固方法;以及（2.b）制定规范条款，用于改造有缺陷的RCM墙。 该研究计划将为提高新的和改造的RCM建筑的抗震性能做出重大贡献。这一改进的抗震性能将给加拿大带来重大的社会经济效益，因为它将提高加拿大人的地震灾害安全。实验测试将提供一个及时、有价值和多样化的数据库和基准，将为CSA S304 2024设计标准和NBCC 2025代码版本的开发做出重大贡献。这项研究计划的成果将导致新的基础知识，施工实践，规范设计规定和具体的详细要求的进步，除了高素质的工程师和研究人员的专业培训。

Canada has active seismic zones in its western and eastern regions. Buildings located in these areas are prone to severe damage or collapse if they are not designed and detailed to perform well under seismic hazard. Despite the considerable size of the reinforced concrete masonry (RCM) construction industry, there has been limited research that investigates the seismic performance of new RCM systems. Reinforced concrete masonry shear walls are typically used in medium- to high-rise masonry buildings as part of the seismic force-resisting system (SFRS) to provide the lateral strength, stiffness, and energy dissipation capacity required to resist the lateral loads arising from earthquakes. For both new and existing RCM buildings, there is a vital need to develop novel and creative engineering solutions to safeguard society against potential structural seismic failures. The long-term objective of the applicant's research program is to advance the understanding of the seismic behaviour of masonry structures, and utilize that understanding to develop models, design tools, and code provisions to facilitate the development, design, and construction of sustainable and seismic hazard-resilient masonry buildings. In the short-term, the applicant will focus on two research axes: (1) The seismic design and detailing of RCM buildings; and (2) The seismic retrofit of reinforced concrete masonry buildings. The specific research within these two axes will focus on RCM shear walls to: (1.a) Evaluate the behaviour of RCM boundary elements under cyclic axial strains; (1.b) Develop code provisions for the detailing of RCM shear walls with boundary elements, specifically, the interface between the wall's web and the boundary element, the strain distribution in the wall's web, and the lap splicing of vertical reinforcements in the web and in the boundary element; (1.c) Develop design recommendations for the gravity walls and vertical extents of boundary elements in ductile RCM shear walls; (2.a) Develop seismic retrofit methods for shear critical reinforced critical masonry walls using fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites; and (2.b) Develop code provisions for retrofitting deficient RCM walls. This research program will make significant contributions to enhancing the seismic performance of new and retrofitted RCM buildings. This improved seismic performance will result in significant socio-economic benefits to Canada, as it will enhance seismic hazard safety for Canadians. The experimental tests will provide a timely, valuable, and diversified database and benchmark that will significantly contribute to the development of the CSA S304 2024 design standard and the NBCC 2025 code edition. The outcomes of this research program will result in new fundamental knowledge, advancements in construction practices, code design provisions and specific detailing requirements, in addition to the specialized training of highly qualified engineers and researchers.