Models of Constituency Influences and Issue Configurations: Analysis of Progressive Era Roll Call Voting, House of Representatives (Political Science)

本项目分析了在1900-1920年的进步时代的几十年里，立法选区和问题配置如何与众议院社会政策立法的制定有关。立法选区是根据国家对社会政策问题采取的立法行动确定的，然后在国家一级进行唱名表决。通过考察州一级立法机构的唱名表决和随后的联邦立法机构的投票结果之间的关系，将有可能调查社会政策的制定如何在这几十年里从州一级转移到国家一级，从而为新政时代的到来奠定基础。问题结构将根据以民主改革著称的进步时代是否产生了一维或多维结构的问题集群进行评估。特别重要的是将公民权利和社会福利问题结合起来，前者代表民主的法律的和程序原则，后者代表民主的经济和结果原则。考虑到20世纪60年代近几十年的社会和政治变革，我们将评估定义20世纪世纪开始的社会和政治变革如何将这些民主要求的双重原则与社会政策制定联系起来。考虑到这些观点，第十九条修正案的通过-赋予妇女权利-将作为一个恰当的案例加以审查。将在公民权利和社会政策问题维度的背景下审查这项立法的特定问题调整以及州级选区的影响。McDonagh博士还将举办一系列关于性别和社会科学的讲座，担任哈佛/拉德克利夫大学妇女研究专业本科生的导师和顾问，并监督本科生研究助理。该项目进一步推动了自愿工作妇女方案的目标，即：（1）为妇女提供机会，使她们在工程和国家科学基金会支持的科学学科中取得职业发展;（2）通过提高在工业、政府和学术机构就业的女科学家和工程师的知名度，鼓励妇女从事科学和工程职业。通过鼓励妇女参与科学，这是对国家未来科学活力的宝贵投资。

This project analyzes how legislative constituencies and issue configurations are related to the formulation of social policy legislation in the House of Representatives during the Progressive Era decades of 1900-1920. Legislative constituencies are defined on the basis of state legislative action on social policy issues that then subsequently reach a roll call vote at the National level. By examining the relationship between state level legislative roll call voting and subsequent voting outcomes in the Federal legislature, it will be possible to investigate how social policy formulation shifts from the state to the National level in these decades, thereby setting the stage for the New Deal Era to follow. Issue configurations will be assessed in terms of whether the Progressive Era, noted for democratic reform, produced issue clusters that were unidimensional or multi-dimensional in structure. Of particular importance will be the alignment of civil rights and social welfare issues, the former representing legal and procedural principles of democracy and the latter economic and outcome principles of democracy. With the recent decades of the social and political change of the 1960s in mind, we will evaluate how the social and political change defining the inauguration of the twentieth century linked these dual principles of democratic demands for social policy formulation. With these perspectives in mind, passage of the Nineteenth Amendment--enfranchising women--will be examined as a case in point. The particular issue alignments on this legislation as well as the influence of state level constituencies will be examined in the context of civil rights and social policy issue dimensions. Dr. McDonagh will also conduct a lecture series on Gender and Social Science, serve as a mentor and advisor to undergraduates in the Women's Studies Concentration at Harvard/ Radcliffe, and supervise an undergraduate research assistant. This project furthers VPW program objectives which are (1) to provide opportunities for women to advance their careers in engineering and in the disciplines of science supported by NSF and (2) to encourage women to pursue careers in science and engineering by providing greater visibility for women scientists and engineers employed in industry, government, and academic institutions. By encouraging the participation of women in science, it is a valuable investment in the Nation's future scientific vitality.