The Role of Eddies in Climate

将使用两种不同的双层模式来研究涡旋在决定气候和气候敏感性方面的作用。一个模型将是传统的准地转模型，另一个模型将是由Lorenz （1960b）提出的允许涡流与静稳定性相互作用的双层模型。环流将由牛顿冷却参数化的差热强迫。耗散将在下边界以埃克曼吸力的形式出现。最初地形将被省略，但它将在以后的日期添加。模型的水平分辨率不受先验约束，但已有研究表明，在截断率较低的情况下，可以准确地模拟涡旋通量。这项研究将不同于其他低阶模式的气候研究，因为它包含了与经向涡旋动量通量和垂直涡旋热量通量相关的涡旋-平均流相互作用，并且因为它关注的是这些相互作用如何受到绝热和耗散的影响。这项研究的结果将产生对理解气候和气候敏感性具有根本重要性的信息，以及在更简单的气候模式中参数化涡旋影响的有价值的信息。

Two different two-layer models will be used to investigate the role of eddies in determining climate and climate sensitivity. One model will be a conventional quasi-geostrophic model, and the other will be the two-layer model proposed by Lorenz (1960b) which allows the eddies to interact with the static stability. The circulations will be forced by differential heating parameterized by Newtonian cooling. Dissipation will be in the form of Ekman suction at the lower boundary. Initially topography will be omitted, but it will be added at a later date. The models' horizontal resolution will not be constrained a priori, but previous studies indicate that the eddy fluxes can be simulated accurately with relatively low truncation. The study will differ from other climate studies with low-order models because of the inclusion of the eddy-mean flow interactions associated with the meridional eddy flux of momentum and with the vertical eddy flux of heat, and because of its focus on how the interactions are affected by diabaticity and dissipation. The results of the study should yield information of fundamental importance for understanding climate and climate sensitivity, and information of value for parameterizing the effects of eddies in simpler climate models.