Collaborative Research: Diagnosing the Role of Ocean Eddies in Carbon Cycling from a High-resolution Data Assimilating Ocean Biogeochemical Model

合作研究：从高分辨率数据同化海洋生物地球化学模型诊断海洋涡流在碳循环中的作用

• 批准号: 2149500
• 负责人: Don Chambers
• 金额: $ 28.84万
• 依托单位: University of South Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2149500&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Diagnosing; Role; Ocean

The Southern Ocean accounts for ~40% of the total ocean uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide despite covering only 20% of the global ocean surface, and is particularly rich in long-lived eddies. These eddies, or large ocean whirlpools which can be observed from space, can alter air-sea fluxes of carbon dioxide in ways that are not yet fully understood. New observations from autonomous platforms measuring ocean carbon content suggest that there is significant heterogeneity in ocean carbon fluxes which can be linked to these dynamic eddy features. Due to computational and time limitations, ocean eddies are not explicitly represented in most global climate simulations, limiting our ability to understand the role eddies play in the ocean carbon cycle. This study will explore the impact of eddies on ocean carbon content and air-sea carbon dioxide fluxes in the Southern Ocean using both simulated- and observation-based strategies and the findings will improve our understanding of the ocean’s role in the carbon cycle and in global climate. While this work will primarily be focused on the Southern Ocean, the results will be globally applicable. The researchers will also broaden interest in physical and chemical oceanography among middle school-age girls in the University of South Florida’s Oceanography Camp for Girls by augmenting existing lessons with computational methods in oceanography. This project aims to quantify the impacts of mesoscale eddy processes on ocean carbon content and air-sea carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes in the Southern Ocean. For the modeling component, the investigators will explore relationships between eddies, ocean carbon content, and air-sea CO2 fluxes within the 1/6-degree resolution Biogeochemical Southern Ocean State Estimate (B-SOSE). They investigators will produce high-resolution composites of the carbon content and physical structure within both cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies by region, quantify the influence of these eddies on the overall simulated air-sea CO2 flux, and diagnose the physical mechanisms driving this influence. For the observational component, the investigators will match eddies observed via satellite altimetry to ocean carbon observations and characterize observed relationships between eddies and ocean carbon content with a focus on Southern Ocean winter observations where light limits biological processes, allowing isolation of the contribution of physical processes. This work will also provide motivation for higher resolution and better eddy parameterizations in climate models, more mesoscale biogeochemical observations, and integration of satellite sea surface height data into efforts to map air-sea fluxes of CO2. Each summer, the PI delivers a lab lesson at the University of South Florida Oceanography Camp for Girls, recognized by NSF as a “Model STEM Program for Women and Girls” focused on broadening participation by placing emphasis on recruiting a diverse group of young women. As part of this project, the existing interactive Jupyter Notebook-based Python coding Lab lesson will be augmented with a B-SOSE-themed modeling component, which will broaden interest in physical and chemical oceanography and data science, and expose campers to computational methods in oceanography.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

尽管只覆盖了全球海洋表面的20%，但南大洋的人为二氧化碳吸收总量却占到了海洋总吸收总量的40%，而且南大洋特别富含长期涡旋。这些漩涡，或从太空中可以观察到的大型海洋漩涡，可以改变二氧化碳的海气通量，其方式尚不完全清楚。来自测量海洋碳含量的自主平台的新观察表明，海洋碳通量存在显着的异质性，这可能与这些动态涡旋特征有关。由于计算和时间的限制，大多数全球气候模拟中没有明确表示海洋涡旋，这限制了我们理解涡旋在海洋碳循环中所起作用的能力。这项研究将利用模拟和观测两种策略探索涡旋对南大洋海洋碳含量和海-气二氧化碳通量的影响，研究结果将增进我们对海洋在碳循环和全球气候中的作用的理解。虽然这项工作将主要集中在南大洋，但其成果将适用于全球。研究人员还将通过用海洋学的计算方法增加现有课程，扩大南佛罗里达大学女生海洋营中学生对物理和化学海洋学的兴趣。该项目旨在量化中尺度涡旋过程对海洋碳含量和南大洋大气-海洋二氧化碳(CO2)通量的影响。对于模拟部分，研究人员将在1/6度分辨率的生物地球化学南大洋状态估计(B-SOSE)范围内探索涡流、海洋碳含量和海-气二氧化碳通量之间的关系。他们的研究人员将按区域制作气旋性和反气旋性涡旋内碳含量和物理结构的高分辨率合成，量化这些涡流对整体模拟的海-气二氧化碳通量的影响，并诊断推动这种影响的物理机制。在观测部分，研究人员将把通过卫星测高观测到的涡旋与海洋碳观测相匹配，并描述观测到的涡旋和海洋碳含量之间的关系，重点放在南大洋冬季观测，那里的光限制了生物过程，从而能够隔离物理过程的贡献。这项工作还将推动气候模型中更高的分辨率和更好的涡旋参数，更多的中尺度生物地球化学观测，以及将卫星海面高度数据整合到绘制二氧化碳海气通量图的工作中。每年夏天，PI都会在南佛罗里达大学女孩海洋夏令营上一堂实验课，该夏令营被美国国家科学基金会认定为“妇女和女孩的STEM模范项目”，重点是通过招募不同的年轻女性群体来扩大参与范围。作为该项目的一部分，现有的基于Jupyter笔记本的交互式巨蟒编码实验室课程将增加一个B-SOSE主题的建模组件，这将扩大人们对物理化学海洋学和数据科学的兴趣，并使露营者接触到海洋学的计算方法。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。