Social Change and Collective Action in Great Britain

本研究侧重于集体行为，考察个人群体参与抗议、骚乱和其他形式的争议性行动的条件，以确定此类行动的特征模式和共同要素。这项研究有三个主要目标。首先是分析这些集体行为模式如何以及为什么会随着时间的推移而改变。第二个是确定为什么不同类型的个人在不同的时间点参与集体行动会发生变化。第三个目标是评估各种形式的集体行动对有关个人利益的影响。这些问题是在广泛的历史背景下解决的，涉及到民族国家和经济变化的集体行动的影响。蒂利博士特别关注18世纪下半叶在伦敦发生的集体行动，以及19世纪早期在英国发生的集体行动。1828年至1834年这段时期尤其令人感兴趣，因为这是一个政治动荡和改革的时期，为本世纪剩下的时间奠定了基础。1828年至1834年之前的年份也被取样，以建立评估这一时期变化的基础。蒂利博士将从有争议的集会的报纸报道中提取数据，并使用多元回归、事件历史和网络分析技术来分析数据，以个别集会为分析单位。本研究的理论和发现，虽然有历史基础，但同样适用于当代集体行动形式的主要问题。对国家和经济在促进或阻碍这种行为中的作用的分析，可能特别有助于我们更深入地了解促成集体行动的条件和事件。

This research focuses on collective behavior, examining the conditions under which groups of individuals engage in protests, riots, and other forms of contentious action in order to identify characteristic patterns and common elements of such actions. The study has three principal objectives. The first is to analyze how and why these patterns of collective behavior change over time. The second is to determine why the involvement of various types of individuals in collective actions changes, with different groups engaged at different points in time. The third objective is to assess the effects of various forms of collective action on the interests of the individuals involved. These questions are addressed in a broad historical context, attending to the implications for collective action of changes in the national state and the economy. Dr. Tilly focuses specifically on collective action occurring in London during the last half of the 18th century and in Great Britain generally during the early part of the 19th century. The 1828 to 1834 period is of particular interest, since this was a time of political turmoil and reform that set the stage for the rest of the century. The years preceding 1828-1834 are also sampled to establish a basis for assessing changes up to this period. Dr. Tilly will draw his data from newspaper accounts of contentious gatherings and use multiple regression, event history and network analytic techniques to analyze the data, with individual gatherings as the units of analysis. The theory and findings of this study, though historically anchored, bear equally on major questions being asked regarding contemporary forms of collective action. The analysis of the role of the state and the economy in fostering or thwarting such behavior may be especially revealing in gaining a deeper understanding of the conditions and events precipitating collective action.