Social Change and Collective Action in Great Britain

这项研究侧重于集体行为，考察个体群体参与抗议、骚乱和其他形式的争议性行动的条件，以确定此类行动的特征模式和共同要素。这项研究有三个主要目标。首先是分析这些集体行为模式是如何以及为什么随着时间的推移而变化的。第二是确定为什么不同类型的个人参与集体行动的情况会发生变化，不同的群体在不同的时间点参与其中。第三个目标是评估各种形式的集体行动对有关个人利益的影响。这些问题是在广泛的历史背景下讨论的，考虑到国家和经济变化对集体行动的影响。蒂利博士特别关注18世纪后半叶发生在伦敦的集体行动，以及19世纪早期英国的集体行动。1828年至1834年期间特别值得关注，因为这是一个政治动荡和改革的时期，为本世纪余下的时间奠定了基础。1828-1834年之前的年份也被抽样，以建立评估这一时期之前的变化的基础。蒂利将从报纸上对争议性集会的报道中提取数据，并使用多元回归、事件历史和网络分析技术来分析数据，以个别集会为分析单位。这项研究的理论和发现，虽然在历史上是根深蒂固的，但同样适用于所提出的有关当代形式的集体行动的主要问题。对国家和经济在促进或阻挠这种行为方面的作用的分析，可能特别有助于加深对促使集体行动的条件和事件的理解。

This research focuses on collective behavior, examining the conditions under which groups of individuals engage in protests, riots, and other forms of contentious action in order to identify characteristic patterns and common elements of such actions. The study has three principal objectives. The first is to analyze how and why these patterns of collective behavior change over time. The second is to determine why the involvement of various types of individuals in collective actions changes, with different groups engaged at different points in time. The third objective is to assess the effects of various forms of collective action on the interests of the individuals involved. These questions are addressed in a broad historical context, attending to the implications for collective action of changes in the national state and the economy. Dr. Tilly focuses specifically on collective action occurring in London during the last half of the 18th century and in Great Britain generally during the early part of the 19th century. The 1828 to 1834 period is of particular interest, since this was a time of political turmoil and reform that set the stage for the rest of the century. The years preceding 1828-1834 are also sampled to establish a basis for assessing changes up to this period. Dr. Tilly will draw his data from newspaper accounts of contentious gatherings and use multiple regression, event history and network analytic techniques to analyze the data, with individual gatherings as the units of analysis. The theory and findings of this study, though historically anchored, bear equally on major questions being asked regarding contemporary forms of collective action. The analysis of the role of the state and the economy in fostering or thwarting such behavior may be especially revealing in gaining a deeper understanding of the conditions and events precipitating collective action.