A Proposal to Build a Deep Ocean Rock Coring Drill

建造深海岩石取芯钻机的提案

• 批准号: 8812715
• 负责人: Harlan Johnson
• 金额: $ 44.27万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-02-01 至 1992-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8812715&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Proposal; Build; Deep; Ocean; Rock

The objectives of this oceanographic instrumentation development project are to design, build, and test a modern rock coring drill and establish a facility for its operation. Design criteria require the drill to penetrate and recover three-meter core samples from igneous basement rocks, lithi- fied sediments, and sulfide deposits at ocean depths of up to 5,000 meters. The drill will be deployed from conventional deep-sea research vessels and will collect spatially oriented cores from environments that are difficult or impossible to sample using conventional sediment coring or dredging tech- niques. Areas of specific research applications that would make use of such a capability include sampling of mid-ocean seamounts, drilling carbonate blocks at convergent margins, off-axis sampling of igneous rocks for studies of crustal evolution, and sampling at hydrothermal deposits. The new drilling capability will also be useful in resource assess- ment such as Exclusive Economic Zone mapping efforts off Hawaii. Advances in the field of ocean engineering are also anticipated. Robotic and system control technology must be developed to mark and extract the rock cores with reference to polar coordinates. Control of the drill system must be such that accommodations can be made for differing seafloor conditions and off-vertical placement. This project will also provide the engineering foundation for a planned 50- meter rock coring capability.

这个海洋仪器开发项目的目标是设计、建造和测试一台现代岩石取心钻机，并建立一个用于其操作的设施。设计标准要求钻头能够穿透并从大洋深度达5000米的火成岩基岩、石化沉积物和硫化物沉积物中提取3米厚的岩心样品。该钻机将从传统的深海考察船上部署，并将从使用传统沉积物取心或疏浚技术难以或不可能采样的环境中收集空间定向岩心。将利用这种能力的具体研究应用领域包括对大洋中部海山进行采样、在汇聚边缘钻探碳酸盐区块、对火成岩进行离轴采样以研究地壳演化，以及对热液矿床进行采样。新的钻探能力还将用于资源评估，如夏威夷附近的专属经济区测绘工作。海洋工程领域也有望取得进展。必须开发机器人和系统控制技术，以参照极坐标标记和提取岩心。钻探系统的控制必须能够适应不同的海底条件和非垂直位置。该项目还将为计划中的50米岩石取心能力提供工程基础。