Supercritical Extraction of Complex Environmental Pollutantsfrom Water

超临界萃取水中复杂环境污染物

• 批准号: 8813714
• 负责人: Aydin Akgerman
• 金额: $ 13.84万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-11-01 至 1991-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8813714&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Supercritical; Extraction; Complex; Environmental; Pollutantsfrom

The objective of this project is to develop the methodology for determining the overall distribution coefficients and the extent of extraction necessary for supercritical extraction of a complex chemical mixture of environmental pollutants from water. These parameters will be determined as a function of the type of solvent, temperature, and pressure in terms of the toxicological indices obtained via cell culture bioassays. The investigator plans to study the use of carbon dioxide and other supercritical solvents with or without entrainers for extraction of a complex mixture of toxic organic contaminants from water and determine an overall distribution coefficient as well as the extent of extraction necessary for treatment of water to achieve acceptably safe levels of contaminants in water destined for human consumption, considering toxic indices for genetoxicity and carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity and neurocarcinogenesis, prenatal toxicity and birth defects. The investigator will base the research on model mixture of water contaminated with a wood preservative (creosote). The distribution coefficients and the extent of extraction will be determined as a function of temperature and pressure in a single equilibrium stage extractor. The research being conducted in this project is directed toward a promising new technology to complement those currently available for treatment of water contaminated by organic substances. It offers promise of reduction in the volume of residual contaminated material that is produced during treatment of water by conventional procedures and processes now used.

该项目的目的是开发一种方法，用于确定从水中环境污染物的复杂化学混合物的超临界萃取所需的总体分布系数和萃取程度。这些参数将根据通过细胞培养生物测定获得的毒理学指标，作为溶剂类型、温度和压力的函数来确定。研究者计划研究使用二氧化碳和其他超临界溶剂（带或不带夹带剂）从水中提取有毒有机污染物的复杂混合物，并确定总体分布系数以及水处理所需的提取程度，以达到可接受的安全水平人类消费，考虑遗传毒性和致癌性、神经毒性和神经致癌性、产前毒性和出生缺陷的毒性指标。研究人员将以受木材防腐剂（杂酚油）污染的水的模型混合物为基础进行研究。在单平衡级萃取器中，分配系数和萃取程度将作为温度和压力的函数来确定。在这个项目中进行的研究是针对一种有前途的新技术，以补充目前用于处理被有机物质污染的水的技术。它有望减少目前使用的传统程序和工艺处理水期间产生的残留污染物质的体积。