RUI: Parameterization of the Effect of Stratocumulus and Cumulus Spatial Inhomogeneities Upon Radiative Fluxes

本研究的主要目的是为气候模式开发层积云和积云的辐射传输代码，使其在太阳光谱范围内精确到10 W m-2以内。虽然红外光谱也很重要，但本研究的重点是太阳光谱。本研究包括三个组成部分：1)对三维云场结构和微物理进行更深入的分析。对于层积云，将利用FIRE IFO数据库以及其他来源。最近的北达科他州（1987年）和即将到来的FAME、Hailswath II、COPS和夏威夷雨带数据将用于积云研究。2)基于飞机微物理观测和高空间分辨率卫星图像确定云的三维结构，开发先进的破碎云辐射传输模型。所得的辐射传输预测将根据卫星最低点辐射进行验证。3)尝试用平面平行值参数化破碎云辐射通量。这项工作将改进气候模式中云的表示，从而能够更准确地处理气候变化模拟中的云辐射相互作用。

The primary objective of this investigation is to develop radiative transfer codes of stratocumulus and cumulus cloudiness for climate models which are accurate in the solar spectrum to within 10 W m-2. While the infrared spectrum also is important, the emphasis in this investigation is on the solar spectrum. There are three components to this study: 1) A more thorough analysis of 3D cloud field structure and microphysics. For stratocumulus, the FIRE IFO database, as well as other sources, will be utilized. The recent North Dakota (1987 and upcoming FAME, Hailswath II, COPS, and Hawaii Rainband data will be used for the cumulus studies. 2) On the basis of aircraft microphysical observations and high spatial resolution satellite imagery to determine cloud 3D structure, advanced broken cloud radiative transfer models will be developed. The resulting radiative transfer predictions will be validated against satellite nadir radiance. 3) Parameterization of the broken cloud radiative fluxes in terms of plane-parallel values will be attempted. This work will lead to improved representation of clouds in climate models and thus enable more accurate treatment of cloud radiation interactions in climate change simulations.