Sources and Fluxes of Biogenic and Anthropogenic Carbon Compounds in Antarctic Marine Sediments

该项目的目标是通过表征圈闭颗粒、表层沉积物和沉积物岩心中存在的有机化合物，确定南极沉积物中的人为污染指示物和生物标志物。这些将与其可能的来源有关，如风沙运输、海洋生产力、人类活动等。该项目最初将集中于脂类成分。脂类在水柱内发生改变，并在并入沉积物后发生进一步的成岩变化。在南极环境中，由于丰富的海洋生产力和微不足道的高等植物垃圾，这一过程应该会脱颖而出，并可能表明人类活动的影响和全球污染的涌入。将对沉积物和颗粒中的游离脂和结合脂，以及潜在生物物质中的总脂进行详细的有机地球化学分析，以确定来源，估计通量，并研究有机化合物的成因。其结果将是更好地了解该区域的古海洋学条件和生物地球化学过程，以及更明确地确定全球污染的化学示踪物。

The objective of this project is to determine anthropogenic pollution indicators as well as biological marker compounds in antarctic sediments by characterizing organic compounds present in trap particulates, surface sediments, and sediment cores. These will be related to their probable sources, such as aeolian transport, marine productivity, human activities, etc. The project will initially concentrate on lipid components. Lipids are modified within the water column, with further digenetic changes occurring after incorporation into the sediment. In the antarctic environment this process should stand out because of abundant marine productivity and negligible higher plant debris, and may show evidence of the influence of human activities and the influx of global pollution. A detailed organic geochemical analysis of free and bound lipids from sediments and particulates, and total lipids from potential biogenic material, will be carried out to characterize sources, estimate fluxes, and study the digenesis of organic compounds. The result will be a better understanding of paleo-oceanographic conditions and biogeochemical processes of the region, as well as a more definitive identification of chemical tracers of global pollution.