Sources and Fluxes of Biogenic and Anthropogenic Carbon Compounds in Antarctic Marine Sediments

该项目的目标是通过表征捕集器颗粒、表层沉积物和沉积物岩心中存在的有机化合物，确定南极沉积物中的人为污染指标和生物标记化合物。这些将与它们可能的来源有关，例如风沙运输、海洋生产力、人类活动等。该项目最初将集中于脂质成分。脂质在水柱中发生改变，在与沉积物结合后发生进一步的遗传变化。在南极环境中，这一过程应十分突出，因为这里有丰富的海洋生产力和可忽略不计的较高植物残骸，并可能显示出人类活动和全球污染涌入的影响。将对沉积物和颗粒中的游离和结合脂质以及潜在生物物质中的总脂质进行详细的有机地球化学分析，以表征来源，估计通量并研究有机化合物的成岩作用。其结果将是更好地了解该地区的古海洋学条件和生物地球化学过程，以及更明确地确定全球污染的化学示踪剂。

The objective of this project is to determine anthropogenic pollution indicators as well as biological marker compounds in antarctic sediments by characterizing organic compounds present in trap particulates, surface sediments, and sediment cores. These will be related to their probable sources, such as aeolian transport, marine productivity, human activities, etc. The project will initially concentrate on lipid components. Lipids are modified within the water column, with further digenetic changes occurring after incorporation into the sediment. In the antarctic environment this process should stand out because of abundant marine productivity and negligible higher plant debris, and may show evidence of the influence of human activities and the influx of global pollution. A detailed organic geochemical analysis of free and bound lipids from sediments and particulates, and total lipids from potential biogenic material, will be carried out to characterize sources, estimate fluxes, and study the digenesis of organic compounds. The result will be a better understanding of paleo-oceanographic conditions and biogeochemical processes of the region, as well as a more definitive identification of chemical tracers of global pollution.