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Studies in Event Stratigraphy; Impacts Volcanism & Mass Extinctions

事件地层学研究；

基本信息

批准号：
8816421
负责人：
Walter Alvarez
金额：
$ 12.87万
依托单位：
University of California-Berkeley
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1989-01-01 至 1990-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8816421&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Studies Event Stratigraphy Impacts Volcanism

项目摘要

Most of Earth history consists of long intervals of time dominated by gradual changes in climate and life. These quiet intervals are occasionally punctuated by brief episodes of rapid change. Event stratigraphy is the study of these geologically brief and interesting periods of time in which rapid and sometimes violent changes have occurred. The event stratigraphy approach to the sedimentary record is multi-disciplinary, and involves a variety of laboratory procedures in conjunction with careful field stratigraphic studies. Using this approach, we previously discovered iridium anomalies at the Cretaceous-Tertiary and Eocene-Oligocene boundaries, leading to the formulation of the impact hypothesis and generating a great deal of interest and research on the importance of rare events in Earth history. Using a new analytical technique for rapid iridium measurements developed by our research group, we are in a position to extend this approach to the rest of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, and have already found a new iridium anomaly in the middle Miocene. We will do the following: (1) a systematic search of the stratigraphic record for new iridium horizons, (2) resolve of the impact vs. volcanism debate over the cause of the Cretaceous- Tertiary mas extinction, and (3) study of the Eocene-Oligocene boundary to resolve discrepancies between iridium peaks, tektites and extinction horizons.

地球历史的大部分是由很长的时间间隔组成的由气候和生命的逐渐变化所主导。这些安静间歇偶尔会被短暂的快速发作打断，变化事件地层学是对这些地质现象的研究短暂而有趣的时期，有时会发生剧烈的变化。事件地层学研究沉积记录的方法是多学科，涉及各种实验室结合仔细的野外地层学问题研究利用这种方法，我们以前发现了铱古近纪-第三纪和始新世-渐新世异常边界，从而形成影响假设并引起了人们的极大兴趣，地球历史上罕见的事件。使用新的快速测量铱的分析技术，我们的研究小组，我们能够扩展这种方法，到中生代和新生代的其他地方，中新世中期一个新的铱异常。我们将做以下工作：（1）系统搜索新铱层位的地层记录;（2）新铱层位的解析关于白垩纪成因的撞击与火山作用之争- 第三纪大灭绝;（3）始新世-渐新世的研究边界，以解决铱峰，玻璃陨石和灭绝地平线。