Nucleophilic Decomposition of Disinfection Byproducts

消毒副产物的亲核分解

• 批准号: 8818468
• 负责人: David Reckhow
• 金额: $ 15.28万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-02-01 至 1991-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8818468&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nucleophilic; Decomposition; Disinfection; Byproducts

The objective of this project is to conduct research on a novel water treatment process that offers promise in accomplishing a disinfection effect without producing halogenated hydrocarbons which have been determined to be carcinorganic. The project involves determination of the ability of selected chemical nucleophiles, especially sulfites to decompose mutagenic or carcinogenic chlorination byproducts, to evaluate the degree to which additional chlorination byproducts form upon rechlorination following electrophilic decomposition, and to identify some of the degradation products of these halogenated compounds. The identification and recovery of specific compounds will be achieved by liquid/liquid extraction and closed loop stripping in conjunction with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Such information will be combined with health-effects data from on-going research elsewhere to provide an overall evaluation of the potential of nucleophilic decomposition for drinking water treatment. This research may lead to the development of a full-scale application of nucleophiles in the form of dechlorinating agents or anionic resins. The single most significant contribution of drinking water treatment to public health in the US has been the widespread use of chlorination. Since its general acceptance in the US in the early part of this century, water borne diseases have been effectively controlled, and in some cases virtually eliminated. Now, concerns over organic chlorination byproducts are threatening to remove chlorination from consideration for many raw waters. This research may lead to concepts that will continue to permit use of chlorine for disinfection without production of potentially harmful by products.

这个项目的目标是对一部小说进行研究 水处理工艺，提供了实现一个承诺， 消毒效果不产生卤代烃 已被确定为致癌物质。 项目 包括确定选定化学品 亲核试剂，特别是亚硫酸盐，以分解诱变剂或 致癌氯化副产物，以评估程度， 形成额外的氯化副产物， 亲电分解后再氯化， 确定这些卤化的一些降解产物 化合物.识别和回收特定的 化合物将通过液/液萃取获得， 闭环汽提结合气相色谱法 和质谱分析。 这些信息将被合并 与其他地方正在进行的研究的健康影响数据， 提供亲核潜力的总体评估 分解用于饮用水处理。 这项研究可能 导致发展的全面应用， 脱氯剂或阴离子型亲核试剂 树脂. 饮用水的最大贡献 在美国，治疗对公共卫生的影响一直是广泛的， 使用氯化。 自1996年在美国被普遍接受以来， 在本世纪早期， 有效控制，在某些情况下几乎消除。 现在，对有机氯化副产物的担忧 对许多人来说， 未经处理的沃茨。 这项研究可能会产生一些概念， 继续准许使用氯气消毒， 产生潜在有害的副产品。