Correct Derivation and Analysis of the Lidar Equation: BothDirect and Coherent Detection

使用激光对大气进行遥感被称为激光雷达， “光探测和测距”的首字母缩写， 雷达 激光的短脉冲的传输之后， 接收来自大气成分的反向散射信号， 气溶胶、灰尘、云或分子。信息 大气的组成和物理状态可以从 激光雷达数据 此外，接收信号的时间滞后 确定散射物质的范围。 本研究 导出并计算从激光雷达系统接收的功率， 相干和直接检测。 脉冲形状的影响， 湍流，发射机，接收机和本地振荡器将 而这一点，也将影响到大气层的运动。 研究;和物理的重要机制将是 鉴定 有一个区域湍流占主导地位 物理机制。 湍流度估算的可行性 还将研究激光雷达在这一领域的测量结果。 的 理论结果将从最近的一系列解决方案， 波在随机介质中传播的统计学。 这提供了 非常一般的条件下的最小近似的解决方案。 在此基础上，比较了相干和直接 将进行探测，激光雷达中的明显误差 将研究相干检测的方程。 可行性 从激光雷达测量中推断湍流轮廓的方法也将是 研究了

Remote sensing of the atmosphere using lasers is referred to as lidar, an acronym for "light detection and ranging" and is analogous to radar. The transmission of short pulses of laser light is followed by reception of backscattered signals from atmospheric constituents such as aerosols, dust, clouds or molecules. Information about the composition and physical state of the atmosphere can be deduced from the lidar data. In addition, the time lag of the received signal determines the range of the scattering species. This research is to derive and calculate the received power from a lidar system, both coherent and direct detection. The effects of pulse shape, turbulence, transmitter, receiver and local oscillator will be determined; the effects of the motion of the atmosphere will be investigated; and physics of the important mechanisms will be identified. There is a regime where turbulence is the dominating physical mechanism. The feasibility of estimating turbulence levels from lidar measurements in this regime will also be investigated. The theoretical results will be obtained from a recent series solution for statistics of waves propagating in random media. This provides a solution for very general conditions with a minimum of approximations. Based on these results, comparison between coherent and direct detection will be performed and an apparent error in the lidar equation for coherent detection will be investigated. The feasibility of deducing turbulence profiles from lidar measurements will also be investigated.