Scientific Principles for Centain Environmental Assessments

这笔赠款的目的是为编写背景报告提供支助，这些报告将为评估和管理环境风险日益重要的两个研究领域提供指导。这些报告将有助于提高对风险评估在环境决策中的作用的理解，并将有助于建立一个未来的研究议程，该议程将鼓励参与风险评估、公共政策和决策的科学家之间的互动。这两个研究领域在理论和应用上都有着密切的联系。第一个领域是全球累积影响，包括全球变暖、海平面上升和臭氧层消耗等影响。OEQ的工作将提供一份科学原则说明，以帮助将注意力集中在最令人关切的环境和健康影响上，并协助制定适当的缓解战略。第二个领域是新兴技术，这些技术有望为人类带来各种好处，包括替代一些现有技术的对环境危害较小的替代品。在技术开发的早期阶段就需要对这些潜在影响保持敏感的前提下，OEQ工作将就如何使用技术来评估与这些新兴技术有关的健康和环境影响提供指导。

The purpose of this grant is to provide support for the preparation of background reports that will provide guidance on two research areas of growing importance to the assessment and management of environmental risks. These reports will contribute to an improved understanding of the role of risk assessment in environmental decision making and will help to establish a future research agenda that will encourage interaction among scientists involved in risk assessment, public policy, and decision making. The two research areas are closely linked, both by theory and by application. The first area is global cumulative impacts, including impacts such as global warming, sea level rise, and ozone layer depletion. The OEQ effort will provide a statement of scientific principles to help focus attention on those environmental and health effects of greatest concern and to assist in the development of appropriate mitigation strategies. The second area is emerging technologies, which offer the promise of various benefits to mankind including less environmentally invasive alternatives to some existing technologies. The OEQ effort will provide guidance on the use of techniques for assessing the health and environmental impacts associated with these emerging technologies, under the premise that sensitivity to these potential impacts is required at an early stage of technology development.