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Social Stimulation of Vocal Learning

声乐学习的社会刺激

基本信息

批准号：
8821152
负责人：
Meredith West
金额：
$ 22.25万
依托单位：
Indiana University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1990-06-01 至 1995-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8821152&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Social Stimulation Vocal Learning

项目摘要

Major discoveries about how birds learn to sing have brought to light remarkable parallels with how human beings learn to speak. Just as human beings learn to speak the language that is spoken around them, many species of birds learn to sing the song that is sung by their neighbors. Just as human speech develops from infant babbling, bird song develops from simpler vocalizations of young birds. Drs. West and King have discovered that this development of song by male cowbirds is guided by visual signals from female cowbirds, just as signals from other people guide the development of speech by the human child. This important discovery of social shaping of vocal repertoires is the basis for the current research project, which will explore linkages between female perception and male vocal production in the development of avian communicative capacities. The species chosen for study, the brown-headed cowbird, is especially appropriate because it can be bred in captivity, affording the opportunity to study the development of individuals with known communicative histories. This research should lead to the delineation of new forms of non- imitative vocal learning, the elucidation of how reward mechanisms function in a naturally-occurring form of cultural transmission, and the investigation of how the visual system operates at behavioral and neural levels to affect vocal development.

关于鸟类如何学习唱歌的重大发现揭示了与人类如何学习说话的惊人相似之处。就像人类学会说他们周围的语言一样，许多种类的鸟也学会唱他们邻居唱的歌。就像人类的语言是从婴儿的叽叽喳喳发展而来的一样，鸟的歌声也是从幼鸟的简单发声发展而来的。韦斯特博士和金博士发现，雄性牛鸟的这种歌唱发展是由雌性牛鸟的视觉信号引导的，就像其他人的信号引导人类儿童语言的发展一样。这一关于声乐曲目社会塑造的重要发现是当前研究项目的基础，该项目将探索鸟类交流能力发展中女性感知和男性声音产生之间的联系。被选为研究对象的棕头牛鸟特别合适，因为它可以在圈养中繁殖，为研究具有已知交流历史的个体的发展提供了机会。这项研究将导致描述非模仿发声学习的新形式，阐明奖励机制如何在自然发生的文化传播形式中发挥作用，并调查视觉系统如何在行为和神经水平上影响发声发育。