PYI: Social Behavior in Apes and Dolphins

PYI：猿类和海豚的社会行为

• 批准号: 8857969
• 负责人: Barbara Smuts
• 金额: $ 27.1万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-08-01 至 1995-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8857969&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PYI; Social; Behavior; Apes; Dolphins

This action is to recommend a Presidential Young Investigator Award for Dr. Barbara Smuts. Dr. Smuts has embarked on an outstanding career in which her research spans at least two major disciplines, anthropology and psychobiology. Her field research on social relationships in baboons has invigorated and brought methodological discipline to the study of free-living non-human primates. This work has been extremely quantitative and sheds light on the study of human social relationships as well as illuminating evolutionary perspectives on the functional significance of social interactions. Her current research investigates the evolutionary relationship between complex social organization and the intelligence through comparisons of social cognition in chimpanzees and dolphins. Because humans and apes on the one hand, and the toothed whales on the other, have evolved large brains and complex societies independently, a comparative study should provide insights that cannot be obtained by studying either group on its own. Dr. Smuts is at the forefront of quantitative research involving social relationships and her work will undoubtedly change the way we view patterns of friendship, alliance, and cooperation, the existence of long term affiliations of male and female outside the mating context, and the import and nature of male-infant relationships.

本行动旨在推荐芭芭拉·斯穆茨博士获得总统青年研究员奖。Smuts博士已经开始了一个杰出的职业生涯，她的研究跨越了至少两个主要学科，人类学和心理生物学。她对狒狒社会关系的实地研究为自由生活的非人类灵长类动物的研究带来了方法论的纪律。这项工作是非常定量的，它阐明了人类社会关系的研究，并阐明了社会互动功能意义的进化观点。她目前的研究是通过比较黑猩猩和海豚的社会认知来研究复杂社会组织和智力之间的进化关系。因为人类和类人猿以及齿鲸都独立地进化出了更大的大脑和复杂的社会，所以比较研究应该提供单独研究任何一个群体都无法获得的见解。Smuts博士站在社会关系定量研究的前沿，她的工作无疑将改变我们对友谊、联盟和合作模式的看法，对男性和女性在交配环境之外长期从属关系的存在的看法，以及对父子关系的重要性和本质的看法。