Polymers for High Strength, Nonlinear Optics, and Electrical Conductivity

将制备两类新的聚合物：a)亚甲基烷氧基取代的聚异氰酸酯和未知的聚(异氰酸)；b)亚甲基烷氧基取代的聚(碳二亚胺)和未知的聚(碳二亚胺？聚)氰胺或聚(胍)！以及每个家族中的共聚物。由于高极性重复单元，这些聚合物在高电场中极化后，有望产生类似于聚偏氟乙烯的铁电固体。铁电固体可用作压电体(如敏感麦克风等换能器)和非线性光学(模式转换器、调制器、Y分支干涉仪和定向耦合器)。这项研究的其他显著特点是：1.)聚异氰酸由于其高度的氢键和酰胺键的强度，有望在强度、压缩强度、韧性和氧化稳定性方面优于任何已知的合成纤维。2.)取代的聚碳二亚胺将以手性形式制备并解聚。因此，将制备一种基于手性聚碳二亚胺热解聚合的新型碳二亚胺光学拆分方法。手性碳二亚胺是一种全新的官能团。3.)通过质子化正孤子产生的新概念，未被取代的聚碳二亚胺将在中间质子化水平上变为共轭状态，并在进一步质子化时转变为高导电形式。

Two families of new polymers will be prepared: a) methylenealkoxy-substituted poly(isocyanates) and the unknown poly(isocyanic acid) and b) methylenealkoxy-substituted poly(carbodiimides) and the unknown poly(carbodiimide) ?poly)cyanamide) or poly (guanidine)! as well as copolymers within each family. Because of the highly polar repeat unit, these polymers are expected, upon polarizing in high electric fields, to produce ferroelectric solids akin to poly (vinylidene fluoride). Ferroelectric solidss have applications as peizoelectrics (e.g., transducers such as sensitive microphones) and nonlinear optics (mode converters, modulators, Y-branch interferometers, and directional couplers). Other salient features of this research are: 1.) Poly(isocyanic acid), due to its high degree of hydrogen bonding and the strength of the amide linkage, is expected to be superior to any known synthetic fiber in strength, strength on compression, toughness and oxidative stability. 2.) The substituted poly(carbodiimides) will be prepared in chiral form and depolymerized. Thus, a novel carbodiimide optical resolution procedure based on thermal depolymerization of a chiral poly(carbodiimide will be prepared. The chiral carbodiimide is a fundamentally new functional group. 3.) The parent, unsubstituted poly(carbodiimide), will become conjugated at intermediate protonation levels and will be converted to a highly conducting form upon further protonation via a new concept of protonative positive soliton generation.