Trophic Dynamics of a Changing Zooplankton Community

不断变化的浮游动物群落的营养动态

• 批准号: 8910999
• 负责人: John Lehman
• 金额: $ 41.2万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-11-15 至 1993-10-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8910999&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Trophic; Dynamics; Changing; Zooplankton; Community

This is a case study of the Lake Michigan ecosystem. The basic goal of the research program has been to improve understanding of food web relations, productivity and recruitment processes through the investigation of large-scale natural perturbations. Recent invasion of the laurentian Great Lakes by a predatory invertebrate never before present in the Nearctic has altered ecosystem food webs at a middle trophic level. Changes have subsequently occurred in zooplankton species composition, and in recruitment success of some fish species. These changes may be linked. The arrival of the invading predator in Lake Michigan has been documented, the first food web changes have been quantified, and the background, baseline conditions against which changes can be judged have been established. The results from Lake Michigan prompted a new examination of historical data from Lake Washington, one of the most important analog studies, and yielded the discovery that nutrients produce distinctly different results at the ecosystem level than do food web changes. %%% The structure of the food web of Lake Michigan has changed substantially since the introduction of the predators Bythotrephes and Leptodora. The lake was under study before the predators arrived, and continued examination of its food chain dynamics and community structure will provide important insight on the adjustment of aquatic ecosystems to major perturbations in their food webs. The contained nature of the Great Lake ecosystem makes it an ideal site for such an investigation.

这是一个关于密歇根湖生态系统的案例研究。该研究项目的基本目标是通过对大规模自然扰动的调查，提高对食物网关系、生产力和招募过程的理解。最近，一种从未出现在新北极地区的掠食性无脊椎动物入侵了劳伦森五大湖，改变了生态系统中中等营养水平的食物网。随后，浮游动物的种类组成发生了变化，一些鱼类的补充成功也发生了变化。这些变化可能是相互关联的。入侵的捕食者在密歇根湖的到来已经被记录下来，第一次食物网的变化已经被量化，并且已经建立了可以判断变化的背景和基线条件。密歇根湖的结果促使人们对华盛顿湖的历史数据进行了新的检查，这是最重要的模拟研究之一，并发现营养物质在生态系统水平上产生的结果与食物网的变化截然不同。自从掠食者食蚁兽（Bythotrephes）和细尾龟（Leptodora）的引入，密歇根湖食物网的结构发生了很大的变化。在捕食者到来之前，该湖泊就已经在研究中，对其食物链动态和群落结构的持续研究将为水生生态系统对其食物网的重大扰动的调整提供重要的见解。大湖生态系统的封闭性使其成为进行此类调查的理想场所。