Multi-User Data Base for the U.S. Courts of Appeals

美国上诉法院的多用户数据库

• 批准号: 8912678
• 负责人: Donald Songer
• 金额: $ 68.44万
• 依托单位: University of South Carolina at Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-02-15 至 1996-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8912678&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Multi; User; Data; Base; U.S.

The Courts of Appeals remain among the least comprehended of major federal institutions. Despite the importance of these courts in setting national policy and attention to their role in a number of particularistic studies, the absence of analytic data across federal jurisdictions and over large spans of time has limited our understanding of judicial decisionmaking and of the cases, controversies, and outcomes of issues heard by these courts. Dr. Songer seeks to advance scientific work on the Courts of Appeals through the development of a multi-user data base. The resource will focus on the years 1925 through 1989 and include both unpublished as well as published decisions. The sampling design calls for approximately 40,000 cases across all twelve jurisdictions. In order to insure the scientific utility of these data for many potential users, data on a broad range of variables of theoretical significance (e.g., relating to votes, decisions, issues, parties, and substance of the dispute) will be coded. Substantial attention will be paid to coding reliability. Also, variables and coding conventions will be compatible with existing large-scale data sets on the Supreme Court and the federal district courts. A Board of Overseers comprised of active researchers will provide guidance to Dr. Songer in the conduct of this work. The data set will be archived and made available through the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research at the University of Michigan. The creation of this data set is a major contribution to the field. With the availability of this data set, new studies will be possible that might otherwise be too expensive to undertake on an individual basis, and they can be done with greater rigor and attention to rival hypotheses. Also, in conjunction with extant data on other tiers of courts, this resource will comprise the most comprehensive data base ever assembled and permit direct comparisons of judicial decisionmaking and behavior across all three levels of the federal judicial system.

上诉法院仍然是主要联邦机构中最不被理解的机构之一。 尽管这些法院在制定国家政策方面发挥着重要作用，并在许多特殊研究中关注其作用，但由于缺乏跨联邦司法管辖区和长时间跨度的分析数据，限制了我们对司法决策以及这些法院审理的案件、争议和问题结果的理解。 Songer 博士致力于通过开发多用户数据库来推进上诉法院的科学工作。 该资源将重点关注 1925 年至 1989 年，包括未发表和已发表的决策。 抽样设计需要涵盖所有 12 个司法管辖区的约 40,000 个案例。 为了确保这些数据对许多潜在用户的科学实用性，将对具有理论意义的广泛变量（例如，与投票、决定、问题、当事人和争议实质有关）的数据进行编码。 我们将重点关注编码的可靠性。 此外，变量和编码约定将与最高法院和联邦地区法院现有的大规模数据集兼容。 由活跃研究人员组成的监督委员会将为 Songer 博士开展这项工作提供指导。 该数据集将存档并通过密歇根大学政治和社会研究大学间联盟提供。 该数据集的创建是对该领域的重大贡献。 有了这个数据集，新的研究将成为可能，否则这些研究可能过于昂贵而无法在个人基础上进行，并且可以更加严格和关注竞争对手的假设来完成这些研究。 此外，结合其他各级法院的现有数据，该资源将构成有史以来最全面的数据库，并允许直接比较联邦司法系统所有三个级别的司法决策和行为。