Restoration of the Berlin Negatives

柏林底片的恢复

• 批准号: 8914367
• 负责人: John Engel
• 金额: $ 10.5万
• 依托单位: Field Museum of Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-15 至 1993-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8914367&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Restoration; Berlin; Negatives

This award provides support for production of archival quality copies of the negatives of a portion of the Field Museum of Natural History's Botanical Type Photograph Collection. The photographic negatives record the "type specimen" -- the individual plant representing a genus or species that most closely exemplifies the essential characteristics that taxon. Many of these negatives are in advanced stages of deterioration, and they need to be copied to state-of-the-art safety film. Among them are the threatened negatives of the type plant specimens once held in the Berlin-Dahlem Museum, which was mostly destroyed in the Allied bombing of Berlin in World War II. The negative collection was originated in 1929 by American scientist J. Francis Macbride, who traveled to Europe to photograph type specimens of tropical American plants preserved in major European herbaria. His goal was to make this information available to American botanists unable to travel. In many cases, the Berlin negatives are the only visual remains of the type specimens that were destroyed. These visual records are often essential in characterizing the described taxon; they provide information critical to the proper recognition, typification, and understanding of species in many families. For some species, the only known specimen is recorded among Field Museum's type photographs. The proposed restoration effort will allow future generations of botanists to verify the identities of hundreds of tropical plants, and to study species that have become extinct.

该奖项为档案制作提供支持 菲尔德博物馆部分底片的高质量复制品 自然历史的植物类型照片集。 的 摄影底片记录了“模式标本”-- 代表最多的属或种的个体植物 紧密地概括了该分类单元的基本特征。 很多底片都已经到了恶化的晚期， 需要复制到最先进的安全胶片上 其中包括受威胁的负面模式植物 柏林-达勒姆博物馆曾经收藏过的标本，其中大部分是 在二战中盟军轰炸柏林时被毁。 的 阴性收集是1929年由美国科学家 J.弗朗西斯麦克布赖德，他前往欧洲摄影类型 保存在欧洲主要地区的热带美洲植物标本 植物标本室 他的目标是将这些信息提供给 美国植物学家无法旅行。 在许多情况下，柏林底片是唯一的视觉 被摧毁的模式标本的残骸。 这些视觉 记录通常是描述所描述的 分类单元;他们提供信息的关键适当 识别，典型化，并在许多物种的理解 家庭 对于一些物种，唯一已知的标本是记录 在菲尔德博物馆的照片中。 提议的恢复 这一努力将使未来几代植物学家能够验证 数百种热带植物的身份，并研究物种 已经灭绝了