Molecular Evolution of Phosphate

磷酸盐的分子演化

• 批准号: 8916467
• 负责人: Gustaf Arrhenius
• 金额: $ 23.16万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-01-15 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8916467&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Evolution; Phosphate

The question of the prebiotic source of pyrophosphate will be pursued along two lines. One is the possibility of continuous formation in nature by condensation under high temperature acidic hydrothermal conditions and subsequent concentration in reactive minerals. The other involves the action of condensation agents, such as cyanide derivatives in an environment where such agents may be concentrated together with orthophosphate ion. Since the source components of RNA; cyanide, phosphate and carbonate (as a precursor of aldehydes) are all anionic, minerals with anion exchange capacity are our prime choice for study as potential concentrators and hosts for these components, and as catalysts for their further reaction. Possible and likely paths for prebiotic phosphorylation of sugar precursor molecules require condensed phosphates as driving agents, and, as substrates, the simplest possible achiral ester forming hydroxyl compounds, such as condensation products of formaldehyde, the latter known to form by photochemical and plasma processes. Also in this branch of the investigation, the selective concentrating power and the catalytic aid of anion sorbing transition metal hydroxide minerals will be explore. The third part of the study connects to current research on non-enzymatic oligomerization of RNA by exploring the concentration, ordering, and catalytic reaction of evolved nucleotides such as AMP and nucleotide phosphates (ADP, ATP) in the anion exchanging pyroaurite minerals. This project is a part of a larger program, that aims at demonstrating environmentally plausible processes leading from simple organic and inorganic molecules in highly dilute aqueous solution via selective concentration, ordering and reaction on mineral substrates, to the formation of molecular complexes of prebiotic interest. The present proposal is concerned with the now unknown processes of original formation, concentration and esterification of condensed phosphate (diphosphate, pyrophosphate).

焦磷酸盐的益生源问题将 应该沿着两条线进行。 一个是连续的可能性 在自然界中通过在高温酸性条件下缩合而形成 水热条件和随后的反应浓缩 矿物 另一个涉及缩合剂的作用， 例如氰化物衍生物 可以与正磷酸根离子一起浓缩。 以来 RNA的来源成分;氰化物，磷酸盐和碳酸盐（作为 醛类前体）都是阴离子， 交换能力是我们作为潜在研究的首选 这些组分的浓缩器和宿主， 他们的进一步反应。 可能和可能的途径 糖前体分子的益生元磷酸化需要 缩合磷酸盐作为驱动剂，和，作为底物， 可能最简单的非手性酯形成羟基化合物，例如 作为甲醛的缩合产物，已知甲醛 通过光化学和等离子体过程形成。 同样在这个分支中 的调查，选择性的集中力量和 阴离子吸附过渡金属氢氧化物的催化助剂 矿产将被发掘。 研究的第三部分将 到目前的研究非酶寡聚RNA， 探索的浓度，排序，和催化反应， 进化的核苷酸如AMP和核苷酸磷酸（ADP， ATP）在阴离子交换型焦金矿矿物中的作用。 该项目是一个更大的计划的一部分，旨在 展示了环境上可行的工艺， 简单有机和无机分子在高度稀释的水溶液中 通过选择性浓缩、有序化和反应， 矿物基质，形成分子复合物， 益生元兴趣 目前的建议涉及 现在未知的原始形成过程，浓度和 缩合磷酸酯（二磷酸酯， 焦磷酸盐）。