Genetics, Mechanism, and Regulation of Cellulose Synthesis in A. tumefaciens

根癌农杆菌纤维素合成的遗传学、机制和调控

• 批准号: 8916586
• 负责人: Ann Matthysse
• 金额: $ 21万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-06-15 至 1994-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8916586&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Genetics; Mechanism; Regulation; Cellulose; Synthesis

Incubation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens with host cells results in synthesis by the bacteria of cellulose fibrils. These fibrils serve to anchor the bacteria firmly to the host cell surface. Using transposon mutants which are unable to synthesize cellulose, the genes required for cellulose synthesis are being identified and characterized. The subcellular localization of these gene products and the steps involved in cellulose synthesis are being determined and the regulation of bacterial cellulose synthesis by the presence of host cells examined. Although there is some information available on the mechanism of cellulose synthesis, there is little knowledge of the genes and gene products involved in its synthesis in any organism. In addition, cellulose synthesis in A. tumefaciens is an interesting example of the regulation of the synthesis of an exopolysaccharide involved in bacterial adhesion by the presence of the host cells to which the bacteria bind. Cellulose is the most abundant polymer in the cell walls of higher plants and is of enormous importance globally. Other organisms (besides higher plants) are also capable of synthesizing cellulose and are more amendable to biochemical and molecular manipulation. The plant pathogen, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, synthesizes cellulose which appears to play an important role in its interaction with its host. There is very little information available about the mechanism of cellulose synthesis in any system and almost nothing is known of the genes involved or their regulation. A. tumefaciens provides a good system in which to examine the mechanisms and genes required for cellulose synthesis not only in this organism, but higher plants as well.

根癌农杆菌与宿主细胞的孵育结果 在细菌合成纤维素原纤维的过程中。 这些原纤维 用于将细菌牢固地锚在宿主细胞表面。 利用转座子突变体， 纤维素，纤维素合成所需的基因被 识别和表征。 的亚细胞定位 这些基因产物和纤维素合成的步骤 细菌纤维素的调节 通过检测宿主细胞的存在进行合成。 虽然 有没有关于纤维素的作用机制的信息 合成，对基因和基因的知识很少 在任何生物体中参与其合成的产物。 此外，本发明还提供了一种方法， 纤维素合成A.根瘤菌是一个有趣的例子 调节胞外多糖的合成 通过宿主细胞的存在参与细菌粘附 细菌与之结合。 纤维素是植物细胞壁中最丰富的聚合物， 是一种高等植物，在全球范围内具有巨大的重要性。 其他 生物（除了高等植物）也能够 合成纤维素，更易生化， 分子操控 植物病原体农杆菌 根癌农杆菌，合成纤维素， 在与宿主的相互作用中发挥重要作用。 有很 关于纤维素的作用机理的信息很少 合成在任何系统中，几乎没有什么是已知的基因 参与或监管。 A.根瘤菌提供了一个很好的 系统中检查所需的机制和基因， 纤维素的合成不仅在这种生物中， 也