Gene Flow, Dispersal and Systematic Relationships of Molluscs Associated with Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents

与深海热液喷口相关的软体动物的基因流、扩散和系统关系

• 批准号: 8917311
• 负责人: Richard Lutz
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-01-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8917311&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Gene; Flow; Dispersal; Systematic; Relationships

The primary objective of these studies is to ascertain mechanisms of organism dispersal and rates of gene flow between deep-sea hydrothermal vent fields associated with contiguious and non-contiguous oceanic ridge systems. A second, but equally important objective of these studies will be to delimit the genetic boundaries and systematic relationships among the suite of molluscan species occupying these unusual abyssal environments. As hydrothermal vents share significant numbers of confamilial, congeneric and perhaps conspecific molluscan taxa with certain cold-water sulfide/methane seeps, the later environments will also be investigated as additional sources of larval recruitment to the ridge hydrothermal systems. Drs. Lutz and Vjrienhoek will sample the molluscan fauna associated with a number of geographically-separated vent and seep sites in the eastern Pacific, the Gulf of Mexico and along the mid-Atlantic Ridge. They will use electrophoretic and molecular techniques to examine three discrete models ("island" "linear stepping-stone", and "reservoir") of population structure, colonization, and gene flow in deep-sea vent populations. Morphological features associated with juvenile molluscan shells will be analyzed to infer modes of larval development of species sampled from the various vent and seep habitats. Inferences drawn from such analyses should provide a basis for an approximate rank-ordering of vent/seep molluscan species according to dispersal capability. This, in turn, when coupled with genetic studies, should permit us a test of the validity of several recent hypotheses concerning the evolutionary consequences of different life-history strategies associated with the spectrum of organisms encountered at deep-sea vents and seeps.

这些研究的主要目的是确定与毗连和非毗连洋脊系统相关的深海热液喷口场之间的生物扩散机制和基因流动速率。这些研究的第二个，但同样重要的目标将是划定这些不寻常的深海环境中软体动物物种之间的遗传界限和系统关系。由于热液喷口与某些冷水硫化物/甲烷渗漏共享大量的同源、同源甚至可能同种的软体动物类群，因此后期的环境也将作为山脊热液系统的幼虫招募的额外来源进行研究。Drs。Lutz和Vjrienhoek将在东太平洋、墨西哥湾和大西洋中脊的一些地理上分开的喷口和渗漏点对软体动物群进行取样。他们将使用电泳和分子技术来检查深海喷口种群的种群结构、定植和基因流动的三种离散模型（“岛屿”、“线性踏脚石”和“水库”）。本研究将分析软体动物幼壳的形态特征，以推断从不同的喷口和渗漏栖息地取样的物种的幼虫发育模式。从这些分析中得出的推论应该为根据扩散能力对泄/渗软体动物物种进行大致的排序提供基础。反过来，当与遗传学研究相结合时，这将使我们能够检验最近的几个假设的有效性，这些假设涉及与深海喷口和渗漏处遇到的生物光谱相关的不同生活史策略的进化后果。